【摘要】 为探究金属矿山在水文地质条件和水文地球化学过程综合作用下F^-在地下水中的迁移转化规律，以云南某金属矿山为例，通过水样采集与分析，利用GIS软件的反距离权重插值法、Gibbs图、Pearson相关性分析、矿物饱和指数、Piper三线图等方法查明地下水中F^-的空间分布与水化学特征，识别水体中F^-的分布特征及影响因素。研究结果显示：（1）研究区的新、老采区地下水均受到F^-污染，污染范围和程度差异显著。（2）研究区两个采区地下水水化学类型以SO₄·Cl-Ca·Mg型和HCO₃-Ca·Mg型为主，F^-易在SO₄·Cl-Ca·Mg型地下水中出现较高浓度的富集。地下水全部集中在硫酸盐主导型和重碳酸盐主导型的区域，高氟地下水主要集中在硫酸盐主导型，说明硫化矿溶解对高氟地下水富集有很大的影响。（3）含氟矿物的溶解是地下水中F^-的主要来源途径，研究区地下水中F^-主要来源于萤石等含氟矿物溶解，检测结果显示，此地区地下水存在明显的高Ca²⁺低Na⁺的特征，与传统高氟水富Na⁺低Ca²⁺的特征有明显的不同。此研究内容为揭示研究区域范围内地下水氟.化物的分布规律提供了极具重要性的参考依据，同时也为研究西南岩溶地区金属矿山地下水中氟的赋存状态以及地下水的可持续开发提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the migration and transformation patterns of F^-in groundwater under the combined effects of hydrogeological conditions and hydrogeochemical processes in metal mining areas,this study takes a metal mine in Yunnan as a case example.Through water sampling and laboratory analysis,we employed GIS software’s inverse distance weighted interpolation method,Gibbs diagram,Pearson correlation analysis,mineral saturation index and Piper trilinear diagram to characterize the spatial distribution and hydrogeochemical behavior of F^-in groundwater,as well as to recognize the distribution features and influencing factors of F^-in the water body.The research results show that:（1） both the new and old mining areas in the study region are contaminated with F^-,with significant differences in the extent and degree of contamination;（2） the hydrochemical types of groundwater in the two mining areas are mainly SO4·Cl-Ca·Mg and HCO³-Ca·Mg types,with higher concentrations of F^-observed in SO4·ClCa·Mg type groundwater.Groundwater is predominantly concentrated in sulfate-dominated and bicarbonate-dominated regions,and high-fluoride groundwater is mainly concentrated in sulfatedominated areas,indicating that the dissolution of sulfide ores has a significant impact on the enrichment of high-fluoride groundwater;（3） dissolution of fluoride-containing minerals is the primary source of F^-in the groundwater,and the main source of F^-in the groundwater of the study area comes from the dissolution of fluoride minerals such as fluorite.The results show that the groundwater in this area exhibits distinct characteristics of high Ca²⁺and low Na⁺,which is notably different from the traditional high-fluoride water with low Ca²⁺and high Na⁺.This study provides an important reference for revealing the distribution pattern of fluoride in groundwater within the study area,and also serves as a reference for investigating the occurrence of fluoride in groundwater of metal mines in karst regions of Southwest China and for the sustainable development of groundwater.更多还原