【摘要】 旨在对新疆昌吉地区某规模化奶牛场进行奶牛蹄病流行情况调查，了解主要蹄病的流行特征及其影响因素。采用奶牛场兽医诊疗记录回顾性调查和现场诊断相结合的方法，统计该场2021年全年奶牛蹄病发病情况，分析影响奶牛患蹄病的主要影响因素。调查发现，奶牛蹄病总发病率为51.7%，其中蹄叶炎和蹄底溃疡发病率最高，分别为24.59%和16.63%；其次是蹄皮炎3.79%，蹄裂2.62%，肢蹄问题1.05%，腐蹄病1.01%及其他蹄病2.01%。蹄病在秋季多发，发病率为18.62%。奶牛胎次与腐蹄病发病率呈正相关（r=0.750,p=0.058）。泌乳天数与蹄底溃疡（r=0.689,p=0.082）和腐蹄病（r=0.652,p=0.099）发病率也呈正相关，并且与蹄叶炎（r=0.802,p=0.040）和蹄皮炎（r=0.892,p=0.016）发病率呈显著强正相关。探明了该规模化奶牛场主要蹄病类型及其流行规律，发现随胎次增加，腐蹄病发病率有增加趋势。随泌乳天数增加，蹄底溃疡和腐蹄病发病率也有升高趋势；随泌乳天数增加，蹄叶炎和蹄皮炎发病率显著升高。应该做好高胎次、高泌乳天数奶牛的营养支持、蹄部健康管理，加强场区生物安全风险管理，做好综合防控。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence characteristics of hoof diseases for understanding the main types and the incidence rates in association with their influencing factors in a large-scale dairy farm in Changji of Xinjiang.The combination of retrospective survey of veterinary consultation records and on-site diagnosis in the dairy farm was used to count the incidence rate of dairy cow hoof diseases across the entire year of 2021,then the correlation of the incidence rate of main hoof diseases with some influencing factors was conducted.The results showed that the total incidence rate of hoof diseases was 51.7%,in which laminitis and sole ulcers were in the highest incidence of 24.59%and 16.63%,respectively,then fallowing by digital dermatitis in an incidence of 3.79%,hoof cracks 2.62%,foot rot 1.01%,limb problems 1.05% and other hoof diseases 2.01%.The total incidence rate occurred in the autumn accounting for 18.62%.The parity tended to correlate with the incidence rate of foot rot positively(r=0.750,p=0.058).The lactation days tended to correlate with the incidence rate of the sole ulcer(r=0.689,p=0.082)and the foot rot(r=0.652,p=0.099)positively,and was significantly correlated with that of the laminitis(r=0.802,p=0.040)and the digital dermatitis(r=0.892,p=0.016)positively.In conclusion,the prevalence characteristics of the main hoof diseases are ascertained in this farm.The incidence rate of foot rot tends to be increased with the parity elevation.With the lactation days increase,the incidence rates of the sole ulcer and foot rot tend to be increased,and that of the laminitis and digital dermatitis are significantly increased.Therefore,the more attention should be paid to those dairy cows with higher parity and long lactation days with nutritional support,hoof health management.The integrated prevention and control in terms of biosecurity risk management in the farm should be strengthened.更多还原