【摘要】 硅负极材料作为锂离子电池理论容量最大的负极材料，具有容量高、资源丰富、环境友好等特点。以Mg₂Si为还原剂，采用机械球磨法先将Mg₂Si均匀包覆在SiO₂表面，随后通过高温还原反应及酸洗处理，得到中空多孔硅负极材料，并对所得材料进行结构和形貌表征及电化学储锂性能研究。结果表明，以Mg₂Si为还原剂能够有效降低反应产热量，所得硅材料整体呈现中空的球形结构，很好地保留了SiO₂的原始结构；此外，外球壳属于多孔结构，较大的空腔及丰富的孔洞均为硅材料的体积膨胀提供充足的缓冲空间，从而有效释放硅材料在体积膨胀过程中产生的应力。得益于此，该材料作为锂离子电池负极材料具有容量高、循环稳定性高等优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the anode material with the highest theoretical capacity for lithium-ion batteries, the silicon material has the characteristics of high capacity, abundant resources and environmentally friendly. The Mg₂Si as a reducing agent was uniformly coated on the surface of SiO₂by mechanical ball milling, and then the hollow porous silicon anode material was obtained by high temperature reduction reaction and acid dipping treatment. The structure and morphology of the obtained materials were characterized, and the electrochemical lithium storage properties were studied. The results indicate that the Mg₂Si as the reducing agent can effectively reduce the reaction heat production, and the obtained silicon material has the hollow spherical structure, which retains the original SiO₂structure well. In addition, the outer spherical shell is a porous structure, and the large cavity and abundant holes provide the sufficient buffer space for the volume expansion of silicon material, so as to effectively release the stress during the volume expansion of silicon. Benefit from this, the obtained material has the advantages of high capacity and cyclic stability as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries.更多还原