【摘要】 目的 分析2023年云南省碘缺乏病监测数据，了解人群碘营养状况及碘缺乏病病情变化趋势，为科学补碘提供数据支持，积极推进因地制宜、分类指导和科学补碘的综合防控策略。方法 根据国家《碘缺乏病监测方案》和《云南省碘缺乏病监测方案(2023版)》,在全省16个州(市),129个县(市、区)开展碘缺乏病监测，汇总分析监测数据。结果 共检查26 223名6～14岁儿童甲状腺，甲状腺肿大率为1.3%,甲状腺容积中位数为2.9 mL(2.3,3.5),8～10岁儿童25 294名，3个年龄组甲状腺肿大率分别为1.6%、1.6%和0.9%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=17.979,P<0.001),且8岁组和9岁组均高于10岁组(χ~2=12.590,P<0.001;χ~2=16.429,P<0.001)。3个年龄组甲状腺容积中位数分别为2.7 mL(2.1,3.3)、2.9 mL(2.3,3.5)、3.1 mL(2.4,3.8),差异有统计学意义(H=454.828,P<0.001),且各年龄组间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。共检测26 223名儿童和13 069名孕妇一次随机尿样的尿碘含量，尿碘中位数分别为223.8(155.0,304.5)和173.0(114.2,247.8)μg/L,儿童孕妇尿碘频数分布差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6 915.93,P<0.001)。共检测39 286份居民食用盐，碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率和合格碘盐食用率分别为99.6%、97.0%和96.5%。结论 云南省合格碘盐覆盖较好，儿童甲状腺肿大率处于较低水平，儿童碘营养总体上处于“碘超适宜”水平，孕妇处于“碘适宜”水平，但有21.7%(28/129)的县(市、区)孕妇尿碘中位数<150μg/L。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the monitoring data on iodine deficiency disorders in Yunnan Province in 2023,and to understand the population’s iodine nutrition status and the trends in iodine deficiency disorders, and to provide data support for informed decisions on scientific iodine supplementation.Actively promote comprehensive prevention and control strategies that are tailored to local conditions, offer classification-based guidance, and ensure iodine supplementation scientifically.Methods Accor-ding to the requirements of the "National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Monitoring Program and Yunnan Iodine Deficiency Disease Monitoring Program(2023 Edition)",we carried out iodine deficiency disorder monitoring in a total of 129 counties, cities, and districts across 16 prefectures and cities throughout the whole province, and to consolidate and analyze the monitoring data.Results A comprehensive examination was conducted on 26 223 children between the ages of 6 and 14 to assess their thyroid health.The results revealed a goiter rate of 1.3% and a median thyroid volume of 2.9 mL.Among 25 294 children aged 8 to 10,the goiter rates for the three respective age groups were 1.6%,1.6% and 0.9%,the differences were statistically significant(χ~2=17.979,P<0.001),with both the 8-year-old and 9-year-old groups showing higher rates than the 10-year-old group(χ~2=12.590,P<0.001;χ~2=16.429,P<0.001).The median thyroid volumes for the three age groups were 2.7 mL(2.1,3.3),2.9 mL(2.3,3.5) and 3.1 mL(2.4,3.8),respectively, the differences were statistically significant(H=454.828,P<0.001),with all pairwise comparisons between the age groups also showing statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).A total of 26 223 children and 13 069 pregnant women were tested for urinary iodine concentration using a single random urine sample, the median urinary iodine concentrations were 223.8(155.0,304.5) and 173.0(114.2,247.8)μg/L,respectively.The differences in the frequency distribution of urinary iodine levels between children and pregnant women were statistically significant(χ~2=6 915.93,P<0.001).A total of 39 286 samples of residents’ edible salt were tested, the coverage rate of iodized salt, the qualification rate of iodized salt, and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were 99.6%,97.0% and 96.5%,respectively.Conclusion It demonstrates a commendable coverage of qualified iodized salt and maintains a relatively low prevalence of goiter in Yunnan Province.In general, children have an "excessively adequate" level of iodine nutrition, while pregnant women maintain an "adequate" level.However, it is worth noting that 21.7%(28/129) of pregnant women in counties and cities exhibit a median urinary iodine concentration below 150 μg/L.更多还原