【摘要】 超导电缆制冷系统的长期运行可靠性是实现其商业化应用的核心挑战。以上海徐汇区35 kV高温超导电缆示范工程为背景，研制了一套具备多重冗余设计的制冷系统。该系统采用逆布雷顿制冷机、斯特林制冷机和抽空减压系统3种冷源协同运行，支持在线切换与维护；配置两套独立泵箱并联运行，实现液氮循环动力冗余；通过补液、补气及加热控压3种机制独立运行，保障系统压力稳定。截至2025年7月，该系统在严苛工况下持续运行超1 200 d。工程实践表明，多重冗余设计显著提升了超导电缆制冷系统的长期运行可靠性，为其商业化推广提供了关键技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 The long-term operational reliability of the cryogenic system for the superconducting cable was considered a central challenge for its commercial application. A refrigeration system featuring multiple redundancy designs was developed based on the high-temperature superconducting cables demonstration project in Xuhui District, Shanghai. The system was equipped with three types of cold sources—reverse Brayton refrigerators,Stirling refrigerators, and vacuum decompression systems—which were operated synergistically and allowed for online switching and maintenance. Two independent pump tanks were configured in parallel to provide redundancy for the liquid nitrogen circulation drive. System pressure stability was maintained through three independent control mechanisms: Liquid replenishment, gas replenishment, and heating-based pressure regulation. By July 2025, the system had been operated continuously for over 1 200 days under demanding conditions. It was demonstrated through engineering practice that the multi-redundancy design significantly improved the long-term operational reliability of the superconducting cable cryogenic system, providing key technical support for its commercial promotion.更多还原