【摘要】 为探究中药制剂抗鳜（Siniperca chuatsi）传染性脾肾坏死病毒（Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus, ISKNV）的效果，在鳜脑细胞（Chinese perch brain cells, CPB）中测定15种中药单体的抗ISKNV效果，筛选出甘草酸、表告依春、柠檬苦素、牛蒡子苷和厚朴酚5种具有抗ISKNV效果的中药单体，将上述5种中药单体依次按照不同质量配比，配制成3组复方中药制剂drugs1（32∶16∶8∶1∶4）,drugs2（64∶16∶16∶1∶4）,drugs3（32∶32∶8∶1∶2）,测定病毒滴度；选取最优组通过细胞水平和鳜鱼体实验，测定其抗ISKNV效果。病毒滴度结果显示，复方中药制剂drugs2在CPB细胞上对ISKNV增殖的抑制效果最好，降低病毒滴度10^3.774 TCID₅₀/mL;qRT-PCR结果显示drugs2能极显著上调CPB细胞中抗病相关基因IRF7、Mx、IFP35的mRNA表达水平。鳜人工感染ISKNV后，采用水体泼洒给药方式（2 g中药制剂配制成50 mL药液）连续处理3 d,结果显示drugs2可延缓鳜发病时间，提高20%存活率；ISKNV自然发病情况下，drugs2提高18%的存活率。综上所述，drugs2具有良好的抗ISKNV效果，可在田间防治ISKNV。更多还原

【Abstract】 Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus（ISKNV） has long been a serious threat to the sustainable development of aquaculture and marine fisheries.Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） is characterised by its high efficacy and low toxicity, and it also has the function of regulating the immune system.The antiviral experiments were conducted both in CPB cells and in Siniperca chuatsi.to explore the effects of 15 TCM monomers such as glycyrrhizic acid, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, phillyrin, coumarin, geniposide, mangiferin, harpagide, epigoitrin, baicalin, polydatin, limonin, arctiin, magnolol, and platycodin D,on the replication of ISKNV The results showed that five TCM monomers-glycyrrhizic acid, epigoitrin, limonin, arctiin, and magnolol-significantly inhibited ISKNV replication in CPB cells.Among them, limonin, epigoitrin, and magnolol had extremely significant antiviral effects against ISKNV,with titers reduced by 10^3.263,10^2.370,and 10^1.954 TCID₅₀/mL,respectively, compared with the positive control.Next, arctiin and baicalin significantly reduced the titers by 10^1.226 and 10^1.159 TCID₅₀/mL.To further enhance the antiviral effects of TCM,three compound TCM preparations were formulated with the above five TCM monomers at mass ratios of drugs 1（32∶16∶8∶1∶4）,drugs 2（64∶16∶16∶1∶4）,drugs 3（32∶32∶8∶1∶2）,and their antiviral effects were evaluated.The results indicated that drug 1 significantly reduced the titer by 10^2.752 TCID50/mL,while drug 2 reduced it extremely significantly by 10^3.774 TCID₅₀/mL.Based on the antiviral effects, CPB cells were incubated with drugs for 6 hours, and the mRNA expression of IRF3 was significantly upregulated by 1.4-fold.After 24 h of incubation, IRF7,Mx, and IFP35 were significantly upregulated, with increases of 86-fold, 65-fold, and 8.5-fold, respectively.After artificial infection with ISKNV,Siniperca chuatsi were treated with baths of 50 mL TCM solutions containing 2 g of each of the five TCM monomers and drug 2 for three consecutive days.The results showed that drugs 2 more effectively delayed the onset of ISKNV disease and reduced the mortality rate by 20% compared with the TCM monomers.Under natural infection conditions, the compound TCM preparation drugs 2 could delay the onset of ISKNV disease and increase the survival rate by 18%,similar to the results of artificial infection.In conclusion, the compound TCM preparation drug 2 has sound antiviral effects against ISKNV and can be used as an effective means of field control of ISKNV,with significant application value and prospects for promotion.更多还原