【摘要】 为理清蟹塘水生植物对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)生态养殖的微生态学贡献，实验设置伊乐藻(EN)、浮床蕹菜(IA)和浮床水稻(OS)三种水生植物处理，并对螃蟹产量、水体质量、浮游菌群和肠道菌群进行分析。结果显示：水生植物对螃蟹产量和水质均有显著影响，其中IA处理螃蟹产量较高且水质显著提升。水生植物同时显著改变了浮游菌群与肠道菌群相对丰度，浮游菌群中α-变形菌门、γ-变形菌门和放线菌门是主要类群(>10%);肠道菌群中软壁菌门和厚壁菌门为主要类群(>10%)。值得注意的是，IA处理肠道菌群具有更高的潜在有益菌和更低的潜在致病菌。同时，水生植物也显著改变浮游菌群和肠道菌群生物多样性，其中IA处理α多样性指数高于其余处理，群落更稳定。降维分析表明水生植物处理后浮游菌群分组差异明显，且水体pH和硝态氮是主要环境驱动因子。PICRUSt2功能预测揭示水生植物对浮游菌群的影响主要涉及微生物碳氮和能量代谢，而对肠道菌群的影响主要涉及蛋白质输出与同源重组。结果表明，蟹塘水生植物对浮游和肠道菌群的结构和功能均产生了显著影响，有必要进一步优化蟹塘水生植物，以提升中华绒螯蟹生态养殖水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment was conducted with three different macrophyte treatments as Elodea nuttallii(EN),Ipomoea aquatica(IA),and Oryza sativa L.(OS) to clarify the microbial ecological contributions of macrophyte to the ecological aquaculture of Eriocheir sinensis.The analysis focused on crab yield, water quality, planktonic and intestinal microbiota.The results indicated that macrophytes significantly influenced crab yield and water quality, with the IA treatment showing higher crab yield and significantly improved water quality.Macrophytes notably altered the relative abundance of planktonic and intestinal microbiota.In the planktonic community, the major taxa(>10%) were from the α-Proteobacteria, γ-Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria phyla, while in the intestinal microbiota, predominant taxa(>10%) were from the Tenericutes and Firmicutes phyla.The IA treatment exhibited a higher proportion of potential beneficial bacteria and lower potential pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal microbiota.Additionally, macrophytes significantly altered the microbial diversity of planktonic and intestinal microbiota, with the IA treatment showing higher α-diversity indices and increased community stability.Dimensionality reduction analysis revealed a distinct grouping of planktonic microbial communities post-aquatic plant treatment, with water pH and nitrate nitrogen identified as primary environmental driving factors.Functional prediction using PICRUSt2 revealed that aquatic plants mainly influenced microbial carbon, nitrogen, and energy metabolism in planktonic communities, whereas their impact on intestinal communities primarily involved protein output and homologous recombination.In summary, macrophytes in crab ponds significantly impact the structure and function of both planktonic and intestinal microbiota.It is necessary to optimize the configuration of macrophytes in ponds to enhance the ecological aquaculture of E.sinensis.更多还原