【摘要】 矿物基复合材料融合了矿物材料的特性和复合材料的优势，因其独特的功效而成为生态环境研究领域的热点，已被广泛应用于水环境质量提升的工程实践中.综述了矿物基复合材料的结构与性能提升方法，包括酸/碱刻蚀、热活化改性、表面改性及金属纳米颗粒负载改性，并探讨了其高效固定/去除水环境中重金属、有机及无机污染物的机制，包括吸附作用、催化反应及其与水体微生物和水生植物等水生生物的联合作用.矿物基复合材料可以通过强化生物生态修复，促进水生植物生长，增强微生物多样性，从而进一步改善水环境质量.总结了矿物基复合材料在水环境治理中的工程应用案例，并强调了未来重点研究方向，评估其在不同水质环境下的效能及长期影响，探索与先进技术的最佳联合应用，优化生产工艺和材料成本.更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the coupled effects of the properties of minerals and the advantages offered by composite materials, mineralbased composite materials have exhibited unique performances and attracted significant attention in the field of ecoenvironmental studies with extensive applications in improving water quality. This paper reviews various methods for enhancing the structure and properties of mineral-based composites materials, including acid/alkali etching, thermal activation modification, surface modification, and metal nanoparticle load modification. The mechanisms of these materials in effectively fixing/removing heavy metals, organic and inorganic pollutants in the aquatic environmental pollutants include adsorption,catalytic reactions, and synergistic effects with aquatic organisms such as microorganisms and aquatic plants. Mineral-based composite material plays a vital role in advancing biological ecological restoration, promoting the growth of aquatic plants, and enhancing microbial diversity. And the paper summarizes application cases of mineral-based composite materials in water environment restoration and management, and emphasizes the focus of future research on assessing their performance and longterm effects in different water quality environments, exploring best approaches of their joint application with other advanced techniques, and optimizing their manufacturing processes and material costs.更多还原