【摘要】 针对机电产品生命周期长、数据收集困难，现有生命周期评价(life cycle assessment, LCA)方法难以提供实时、准确的环境影响评价等问题，将数字孪生思想引入LCA过程，提出一种基于孪生数据模型的机电产品生命周期环境影响评价方法.按照产品所处节点信息划分已发生和未发生阶段，并通过实时采集和孪生建模获取LCA计算所需的完整数据.实时采集保障了数据的可靠性；孪生建模是在LCA的目标与范围确定、清单分析两个环节之间引入一个实例孪生体模型，将与LCA计算相关的数据集成在这个数据载体上，从而提高清单分析速率和评价效率.同时，开发了数字孪生-生命周期评价(DT-LCA)数据服务平台，将数据汇编、LCA计算、结果反馈等功能集成，让评价更加便捷、实时、准确.最后，以某企业处于使用阶段的风力发电机为例，验证了所提方法的合理性.更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at the problems such as long life cycle of electromechanical products, difficulty in data collection, and difficulty in providing real-time and accurate environmental impact assessment by existing life cycle assessment(LCA) methods, by introducing the idea of digital twin into LCA process, an environmental impact assessment method for electromechanical product life cycle is proposed based on twin data model. According to the node information of the product, the stages of occurrence and non-occurrence are divided, and the complete data required for LCA calculation is obtained by real-time acquisition and twin modeling. Real-time acquisition ensures the reliability of data. Twin modeling is to introduce an instance twin model between LCA target and scope determination and inventory analysis, and integrate the data related to LCA calculation into this data carrier, so as to improve the inventory analysis rate and evaluation efficiency. At the same time, the data service platform of digital twin-life cycle assessment(DT-LCA) is developed, which integrates the functions of data compilation, LCA calculation and result feedback, so that the evaluation is more convenient, real-time and accurate. Finally, the rationality of the proposed method is verified by taking a wind turbine in the use stage of an enterprise as an example.更多还原