【摘要】 将水平板设置于斜坡前可有效降低波浪在斜坡上的爬高和越浪，减小波浪对斜坡及其后方基础设施的冲击破坏作用.为系统研究斜坡前水平板的波浪反射、流场、涡量场等水动力特性，基于OpenFOAM~?开源软件包建立了数值模型，分析了斜坡坡度、水平板与斜坡坡脚水平距离、波高、波周期等因素对水平板波浪反射以及斜坡上波浪爬高的影响.研究结果表明：在斜坡前设置水平板可以降低波浪反射，背浪侧斜坡坡度存在一最优值4∶1使波浪反射系数达到最小值；斜坡坡度4∶1,水平板与斜坡坡脚水平距离为0.1倍波长时波浪反射系数达到最小值；波浪反射系数随波高的增加先增大后减小，但减小幅度较小；波浪反射系数随波长的增加先减小后增大，波长水深比为4.1时达到最小值.波浪相对爬高随水平板与斜坡坡脚水平距离的增加先减小后增大、随水平板长度的增加先增大后减小、随水平板淹没深度的增加先减小后增大，并分别在水平板与斜坡坡脚水平距离为0.25倍波长、水平板相对长度为0.25和水平板相对淹没深度为0.20时达到极值.更多还原

【Abstract】 A horizontal plate set in front of the steep revetment can effectively reduce the wave run-up and the wave overtopping on the steep revetment, and reduce the impact and damage effect of the wave on the steep revetment and the infrastructure behind it. To systematically study the hydrodynamic characteristics of the horizontal plate in front of the steep revetment, such as wave reflection, flow field and vorticity field, the open source software package OpenFOAM~? is used to establish numerical model to analyze the influencing factors such as the slope angle of the steep revetment, the horizontal distance between the horizontal plate and the toe of the steep revetment, the wave height and the wave period to the wave reflection and wave run-up on the steep revetment. The study results show that the wave reflection on the horizontal plate in front of the steep revetment can be reduced, and there is an optimal value 4∶1 of the slope angle of the steep revetment on the back side of wave when the wave reflection coefficient reaches the minimum. When the slope angle of the steep revetment is 4∶1, the wave reflection coefficient reaches the minimum while the horizontal distance between the horizontal plate and the toe of the steep revetment is 0.1 times of wavelength. The wave reflection coefficient increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of wave height, but the decline amplitude is little. The wave reflection coefficient decreases firstly and then increases with the increase of the wavelength, and it reaches the minimum when the ratio of wavelength to water depth is about 4.1. The wave run-up decreases firstly and then increases with the increase of the horizontal distance between the horizontal plate and the toe of the steep revetment, increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of the length of the horizontal plate, decreases firstly and then increases with the increase of the submerged depth of the horizontal plate, and reaches the extremum when the horizontal distance between the horizontal plate and the toe of the steep revetment is 0.25 times of wavelength, the relative length of the horizontal plate is 0.25 and the relative submerged depth of the horizontal plate is 0.20, respectively.更多还原