【摘要】 [目的]TiO₂纳米材料在光电催化处理废水时因禁带宽度较大而对光的利用效率较低及光电催化活性不高的问题亟待解决。[方法]以钛片为阳极、铂片为阴极，在氟化铵-乙二醇水溶液中通过阳极氧化法制得三维网状结构的TiO₂纳米材料，然后通过掺杂亚铜离子使之形成p–n结禁带宽度较小的TiO₂纳米半导体复合材料。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线能谱仪（EDS）、光电子能谱仪（XPS）、紫外可见分光光度计（UV-Vis）等设备对材料的结构进行了表征，通过考察在亚甲基蓝或六价铬模拟废液中外加电压与紫外光照后的降解率来研究其光电催化性能。[结果]采用含3 mol/L乳酸和0.5 mol/L硫酸铜的溶液（pH=10），在-0.4 V电压下沉积600 s，可令Cu₂O成功掺杂至TiO₂纳米材料表面。掺杂修饰后的TiO₂纳米材料微观形貌未有明显变化，但对光的吸收更强和光的利用率更高，对模拟废水中六价铬的降解效率达99%以上。[结论]阳极氧化法制备的三维网状TiO₂为锐钛矿晶型，掺杂Cu₂O之后光电催化活性得到提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] The problems of low sunlight utilization efficiency and poor photoelectrocatalytic activity of TiO₂ nanomaterials in the photoelectrocatalytic treatment of wastewater due to their large bandgap width need to be addressed urgently. [Method] A three-dimensional network-structured TiO₂ nanocomposite electrode was prepared by anodic oxidation using titanium sheet as anode and platinum sheet as cathode in an aqueous electrolyte containing ammonium fluoride and ethylene glycol. The microstructure of the material was characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDS）, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry（UV-Vis）, and its photoelectrocatalytic performances was evaluated through degradation of methylene blue or simulated hexavalent chromium containing wastewater under applied voltage and UV irradiation. [Result] The doping of Cu₂O on the surface of TiO₂ nanomaterial was achieved using a solution containing 3 mol/L lactic acid and 0.5 mol/L copper（Ⅱ） sulfate with a pH of 10 at a deposition voltage of-0.4 V for 600 seconds. The modified TiO₂ nanomaterial maintained its original three-dimensional network morphology while demonstrating enhanced light absorption and utilization efficiency. The degradation efficiency of the nanocomposite electrode for hexavalent chromium in simulated wastewater exceeded 99%. [Conclusion] The three-dimensional network-structured TiO₂ prepared by anodic oxidation exhibits anatase crystal phase, and its photoelectrocatalytic activity can be improved effectively by doping with Cu₂O.更多还原