【摘要】 为探讨氮肥配施生物炭对土壤C、N循环的3个关键酶(蔗糖酶、脲酶、硝酸还原酶)活性及玉米产量的影响，以宏硕899、良玉99、丹玉405 3个品种春玉米为试验材料，分别取0～20 cm、20～40 cm、40～60 cm土层土壤，进行土壤酶活性测定及玉米产量分析。结果表明：炭氮配施能显著提高3种春玉米土壤的蔗糖酶、脲酶、硝酸还原酶活性，且品种和肥料互作对各土层土壤酶活性影响显著。与单施生物炭、单施氮肥相比，炭氮配施可显著提高春玉米百粒质量、穗粒质量、单穗质量、出籽率和产量；其中宏硕899和良玉99在5 t/hm~2生物炭配施180 kg/hm~2氮肥条件下产量最高，丹玉405在5 t/hm~2生物炭配施140 kg/hm~2氮肥条件下产量最高，宏硕899、良玉99和丹玉405的产量较单施生物炭分别提升20.58%、24.34%和41.38%,较单施氮肥分别提升15.33%、15.11%和14.40%。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer combined with biochar on the activities of three key enzymes(sucrase, urease, nitrate reductase) in soil C, N cycle and corn yield, taking Hongshuo 899, Liangyu 99 and Danyu 405 as experimental materials, soil enzyme activities were measured in 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers respectively and maize yield was analyzed.The results showed that the activities of sucrase, urease and nitrate reductase in spring maize soil were significantly increased by the application of carbon with nitrogen, and the interaction between varieties and fertilizers showed significant effect on soil enzyme activities in each soil layer.Compared with application of only biochar or nitrogen fertilizer, combined application of carbon and nitrogen could significantly increase 100-kernel mass, grain mass per ear, single spike mass, seed yield and yield of spring maize.The yields of Hongshuo 899 and Liangyu 99 were the highest when applied 5 t/hm~2 of biochar combined with 180 kg/hm~2 of nitrogen fertilizer, and that of Danyu 405 was the highest when 5 t/hm~2 of biochar combined with 140 kg/hm~2of nitrogen fertilizer. The yields of Hongshuo 899, Liangyu 99, and Danyu 405 increased by 20.58%, 24.34%, and 41.38%, respectively, compared to the sole application of biochar, and by 15.33%, 15.11%, and 14.40%, respectively, compared to the sole application of nitrogen fertilizer.更多还原