【摘要】 通过建立通用性树干削度方程，探究不同施肥处理对长白落叶松（Larix olgensis）人工林干形的影响。依据黑龙江省佳木斯市孟家岗林场不同施肥处理时（施用N肥、NP肥、NPK肥、空白对照）落叶松人工林解析木数据，在林业常用的削度方程模型中筛选最优基础模型，利用哑变量法和非线性混合效应模型法优化模型，分析不同施肥处理对不同等级木的影响。结果表明：基础模型拟合中，Kozak（2004）方程的拟合效果最好，引入哑变量模型、施肥水平、样木水平及施肥样木两水平的混合效应模型均能提高模型拟合效果。其中，依据施肥和样木嵌套两水平的混合效应模型预估精度最高（R²=0.991）,且消除了大部分观测值间的自相关性。树干模拟时发现，施肥对优势木(胸径(D_dh)≥18 cm)干形的影响最大，其次是平均木(11 cm≤D_dh<18 cm)、被压木(D_dh<11 cm)。施用NP肥明显增加优势木和平均木树干上部（相对高度0.6～1.0）直径；N肥及NPK肥的施用效果相似，但均略低于施用NP肥。依据施肥和样木嵌套两水平的混合效应模型在预测树干不同位置直径时精度最高。不同施肥处理对人工落叶松干形的影响更多集中在树干中上部分。可以对优势木施用氮磷肥，对平均木和被压木施用氮肥。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study investigates the effects of different fertilization treatments on the stem morphology of Larix olgensis plantations by establishing a universal tree taper equation. Based on the analyzed wood data from L. olgensis plantations in the Mengjiagang Forest Farm, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province, under various fertilization treatments（application of N fertilizer, NP fertilizer, NPK fertilizer, and a blank control）, the optimal basic model is selected from commonly used taper equation models in forestry. The model is optimized using dummy variable methods and nonlinear mixed-effects modeling to analyze the influence of different fertilization treatments on trees of varying grades. The results showed that among the basic models, the Kozak（2004） equation provides the best fit. The introduction of dummy variable models, coupled with mixed-effect models at both fertilization levels and tree levels, enhances the goodness of fit. Notably, the mixed-effect model based on nested fertilization and tree levels yields the highest prediction accuracy（R²=0.991）, effectively eliminating much of the autocorrelation between observations. In simulations of trunk morphology, it is found that fertilization has the greatest impact on dominant trees(diameter at breast height(D_dh) ≥18 cm), followed by average trees(11 cm≤D_dh<18 cm) and suppressed trees(D_dh<11 cm). The application of NP fertilizer significantly increases the diameter of the upper trunk（relative height 0.6-1.0） of dominant and average trees. The effects of N fertilizer and NPK fertilizer are similar but slightly lower than those of NP fertilizer. The highest accuracy in predicting trunk diameters at different heights is achieved using the mixed-effect model based on nested fertilization and tree levels. The impact of different fertilization treatments on the stem morphology of artificial L. olgensis is mainly concentrated in the middle and upper portions of the trunk, suggesting that nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer should be applied to dominant trees, while nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to average and suppressed trees.更多还原