【摘要】 【目的】探究添加不同主辅料对牛羊粪好氧堆肥过程中堆体理化性质及腐熟度变化的影响。【方法】选用肉牛粪和羊粪为堆肥主料，以秸秆、油饼、风化煤及风化煤活化腐殖酸为辅料，采用条垛堆肥工艺，在堆体C/N为(25～30)∶1、接种菌剂及过程控制技术参数统一前提下设计主辅料不同配比的随机区组堆肥试验，研究堆腐过程中pH值、全盐、可溶性有机碳含量等理化性质与腐熟度变化及开展无害化参数种子发芽指数评价。【结果】各处理温度变化基本相同，经历了升温期、高温期和降温期3个阶段。与CK处理相比较，T1、T2、T3和T4处理提前1天进入高温期；堆肥结束时，有机质、全氮和全钾含量均显著提高，全磷和可溶性有机碳含量下降；堆肥结束时各堆体的C/N比值均下降；添加辅料后的种子发芽指数均高于CK处理、T值均维持在0.60以下；综合分析，添加风化煤处理的方案得分最高，其次为腐殖酸处理。【结论】T2处理即肉牛粪+羊粪+风化煤腐殖酸1处理为最优主辅料配比，其次为T3处理即肉牛粪+羊粪+风化煤腐殖酸2。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 The effects of adding different main and auxiliary materials on the physical and chemical properties and maturity of the pile during aerobic composting of cattle and sheep manure were investigated.【Method】Beef cattle manure and sheep manure were used as the main compost materials,and straw,oil cake,weathered coal,and weathered coal activated humic acid were used as auxiliary materials.The strip composting process was used to design different proportions of random block composting experiments.The composting inoculation agent and process control technology parameters were unified.The C/N of the compost was maintained at(25～30)∶1.【Result】 The temperature changes of each treatment were basically the same,which experienced three stages: heating period,high-temperature period,and cooling period.Compared with CK treatment,T1-T4 treatment entered the hightemperature period one day in advance.At the end of composting,the contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,and total potassium increased significantly,while the contents of total phosphorus and soluble organic carbon decreased.At the end of composting,the C/N ratio of each pile decreased.The seed germination index after adding excipients was higher than that of the CK treatment,and the T value was maintained below 0.60.Through comprehensive analysis,the scheme of adding weathered coal treatment scored the highest,followed by humic acid treatment.【Conclusion】 In summary,T2 treatment,namely beef cattle manure + sheep manure + weathered coal humic acid 1 treatment,is the optimal ratio of main and auxiliary materials,followed by T3 treatment,namely beef cattle manure + sheep manure + weathered coal humic acid 2.更多还原