【摘要】 Omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸（ω-3 PUFAs）是一类人体营养必需且自身无法合成的多不饱和脂肪酸，近年来在炎症性肠病（IBD）的治疗中展现出潜在的应用价值。本综述聚焦于ω-3 PUFAs在IBD中对肠道菌群和肠道免疫的调节作用及其机制。研究表明，ω-3 PUFAs通过促进双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌等有益菌群的增加，降低厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门的比率，从而维持肠道菌群的平衡。此外，ω-3 PUFAs通过减少促炎因子、修复肠道屏障功能以及调节脂质代谢来增强肠道免疫功能。尽管现有研究支持ω-3 PUFAs在IBD中的潜在疗效，但其具体作用机制仍需进一步探讨。本文旨在为ω-3 PUFAs在IBD治疗中的应用提供理论依据，并为未来的研究方向提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(ω-3 PUFAs), a group of polyunsaturated fatty acids that are nutritionally essential and cannot be synthesized by humans, have shown potential application value in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) in recent years. This review focuses on the regulatory effects of ω-3 PUFAs on intestinal flora and intestinal immunity in IBD and their mechanisms. It has been shown that ω-3 PUFAs maintain the balance of intestinal flora by promoting the increase of beneficial flora such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and decreasing the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. In addition, ω-3 PUFAs enhance intestinal immune function by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, repairing intestinal barrier function, and regulating lipid metabolism. Although existing studies support the potential efficacy of ω-3 PUFAs in IBD, their specific mechanisms of action need to be further explored. The aim of this article is to provide a theoretical basis for the application of ω-3 PUFAs in the treatment of IBD and to provide a reference for future research directions.更多还原