【摘要】 为解决丘陵山地果园植保喷雾作业困难、作业效率差等问题，本文结合多喷头技术、气力辅助技术和静电技术，设计了一种环形多喷头气力辅助静电喷雾器。首先利用CFD技术对环形多喷头结构进行优化设计，结合气力辅助技术以及静电技术搭建喷雾试验系统；其次开展单因素试验，分析喷雾压力、静电电压、出风口风速对粒径特性、荷电特性、沉积特性的影响规律；最后通过响应面试验了解各因素的交互作用情况，得到最佳作业参数组合。单因素试验可得：各因素变量的取值范围为喷雾压力X₁∈[0.6,1.0] MPa，静电电压X₂∈[4,12]kV，出风口风速X₃∈[3,9] m/s²。响应面试验可得：影响D₃₀的交互作用有喷雾压力与出风口风速以及静电电压与出风口风速，影响荷质比和平均沉积量的交互作用有喷雾压力与静电电压；对各模型的参数进行优化求解，得到各因素适宜参数组合为喷雾压力X₁=0.6 MPa，静电电压X₂=12 kV，出风口风速X₃=7.077 m/s。该研究能够为高效植保喷雾机具的设计以及应用提供理论依据及数据支撑，具有一定的实际应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to solve the difficulties and low efficiency of pesticide spraying operations in hilly orchards, this paper combined the multi-nozzle technology, pneumatic assistance technology, and electrostatic technology to design a non-carrying ring-shaped multi-nozzle pneumatic-assisted electrostatic sprayer. Firstly, the CFD technology was used to optimize the structure of the circular multi-nozzle, and a spraying test system was built combining air-assisted technology and electrostatic technology. Secondly, single-factor experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of spraying pressure, electrostatic voltage, and outlet air velocity on particle size characteristics, charge characteristics, and deposition characteristics. Finally, the response surface experiment was carried out to understand the interaction of various factors and obtain the optimal operating parameter combination. The single-factor experiment showed that the variable range of each factor was: spraying pressure X₁∈[0.6,1.0] MPa, electrostatic voltage X₂∈[4,12] kV, outlet air velocity X₃∈[3,9] m/s. The response surface experiment showed that D30 was affected by interactions including spraying pressure and outlet air velocity, as well as electrostatic voltage and outlet air velocity. And charge-to-mass ratio and average deposition amount were affected by the interactions including spraying pressure and electrostatic voltage. The optimal parameter combination for each factor was obtained through parameter optimization, with spraying pressure X₁ = 0.6 MPa, electrostatic voltage X₂ = 12 kV, and outlet air velocity X₃ = 7.077 m/s. This study provided a theoretical basis and data support for the design and application of high-efficiency plant protection sprayers, suggesting a practical application value.更多还原