【摘要】 为了减少化学杀菌剂的使用，本研究探讨了通过生物-化学协同防治方法防治小麦根腐病的效果。采用平板对峙法发现枯草芽孢杆菌JY214对假禾谷镰刀菌具有较好的拮抗作用，抑菌率为52.50%。同时测定了5种化学杀菌剂对假禾谷镰刀菌的抑制效果，发现酷拉斯的EC50为0.3309μg/mL，抑菌效果较好，而且与JY214的相容性最高。在此基础上，通过盆栽试验发现利用JY214芽孢制剂及使用浓度为0.176μg/mL的酷拉斯混合拌种，对小麦根腐病的防治效果明显强于单独使用JY214芽孢制剂和单独使用1.35μg/mL酷拉斯的处理，二者联合使用对小麦的根长、株高、茎粗还具有一定促生长作用。利用高效液相色谱法从枯草芽孢杆菌JY214中分离了两种具有抑制假禾谷镰刀菌活性的抗菌脂肽，经过ESI-MS鉴定为芬芥素。综合上述结果表明，使用枯草芽孢杆菌JY214和酷拉斯混合拌种防治小麦根腐病，达到了减药增效、绿色防控的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to reduce the use of chemical fungicides, this study explored the effects of bio-chemical synergistic control methods on wheat root rot. It was found that Bacillus subtilis JY214 had a good antagonistic effect on Fusarium pseudograminearum by plate confrontation method showing a 52.50% inhibitory rate. At the same time, the inhibitory effects of five chemical fungicides on Fusarium pseudograminearum were determined. It was found that the EC50 of Kuras was 0.3309 μg/m L, which had good antibacterial effect and the highest compatibility with JY214. On this basis, the mixed seed dressing with Bacillus subtilis JY214 and Kuras was used to test their synergistic control effect on Bacillus subtilis JY214 and Kuras on wheat root rot through pot experiment. It was found that the control effect of JY214 spore prepared with 0.176 μg/m L Kuras on root rot of wheat was obviously stronger than that of JY214 spore alone and 1.35 μg/m L Kuras alone, and the combined use of JY 214 spore and Kuras also promoted the growth of wheat. Two antimicrobial lipopeptides with antibacterial activity were isolated from Bacillus subtilis JY214 by high performance liquid chromatography, and identified as fenmustard by ESI-MS. Based on the above results, the mixed seed dressing with Bacillus subtilis JY214 and Kuras was applitable to control wheat root rot, which achieved the goal of reducing pesticide for increasing efficiency and green prevention and control.更多还原