【摘要】 免热处理强化铝合金作为新能源汽车轻量化与一体化压铸技术的核心材料，通过自然时效即可实现高强度与塑性的协同提升，有效规避传统热处理工艺引起的鼓泡、变形等缺陷。本文系统阐述了免热处理铝合金的强化机制，重点分析了晶粒细化、多相协同强化及元素调控对力学性能的影响规律。通过对比Al-Si、Al-Mg-Si等主流合金体系的设计策略，国际商业化牌号以成分精简与工艺稳健性为核心优势，而国内研究通过多元微合金化技术实现了强塑性的突破性提升，但仍受限于成本控制与规模化生产稳定性。结合特斯拉Model Y后车底结构件等工程案例，验证了该材料在简化制造流程、降低能耗及提升车身结构集成度方面的显著优势。本文从材料设计性能优化工程应用全链条视角构建研究框架，为免热处理铝合金的产业化发展提供科学依据与技术路径。研究结果对推动新能源汽车轻量化技术革新及绿色制造工艺升级具有重要指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Non heat treatment strengthened aluminum alloys, as a core material for lightweight and integrated die-casting technologies in new energy vehicles, achieve synergistic improvements in strength and plasticity through natural aging, effectively avoiding defects such as blistering and deformation caused by traditional heat treatment processes. This paper systematically elaborates the strengthening mechanisms of non-heattreated aluminum alloys, with a focus on analyzing the influence of grain refinement, multi-phase synergistic strengthening, and elemental regulation on mechanical properties. By comparing design strategies of mainstream alloy systems such as Al-Si and Al-Mg-Si, it is found that internationally commercialized grades prioritize compositional simplicity and process robustness as core advantages, while domestic research has achieved breakthrough improvements in strength-plasticity balance through multi-component microalloying technology, though challenges remain in cost control and production consistency during scale-up. Through engineering case studies such as the Tesla Model Y rear underbody structural components, the material’ s significant advantages in simplifying manufacturing processes, reducing energy consumption, and enhancing structural integration are validated. This study constructs a research framework from the perspective of the entire chain of material design,performance optimization, and engineering applications, providing scientific foundations and technical pathways for the industrial development of non-heat-treated aluminum alloys. The findings offer critical insights for advancing technological innovation in new energy vehicle lightweighting and upgrading sustainable manufacturing practices.更多还原