【摘要】 耐热合金因其优异的抗氧化性能在高温领域具有重要的应用，其中镍基和铁基耐热合金的应用更为广泛。随着“双碳”战略目标的提出，航空航天及能源技术不断发展使耐热合金的服役环境更加苛刻，这对耐热合金服役性能提出了更大挑战，因此亟需开发具有更优异高温抗氧化性能的新型耐热合金。合金化元素Al所形成的Al₂O₃膜具有较低生长速率、较高致密性及优异的热稳定性，因此含Al耐热合金成为近年来的研究热点。本文通过系统梳理相关研究成果，比较了3种抗氧化元素所形成保护性氧化膜的优劣，回顾了含Al耐热合金的发展历程，归纳了影响含Al镍基和铁基合金氧化行为的关键因素，总结分析了其高温氧化的微观机制并归纳了共性规律。最后，对含Al耐热合金现阶段存在的问题及未来发展方向进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Heat-resistant alloys have important applicationsin high-temperature servicing environment due to their excellent oxidation resistance, among which nickel-based and iron-based heat-resistant alloys are more widely used. With the proposal of “dual carbon” strategic target, the continuously developed aerospace and energy technologies make the servicing environment harsher, which puts forward a greater challenge to heat-resistant alloys. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new types of heat-resistant alloys with superior high-temperature oxidation resistance. Protective Al₂O₃ film formed through addition of Al exhibits characteristics of low growth rate, high densification and excellent thermal stability, making Al-containing heat-resistant alloys a popular research topic recently. In this summary, the advantages and disadvantages of three kinds of protective oxide films were compared. Then, the development of Al-containing heat-resistant alloys was reviewed. Moreover, the key factors affecting the oxidation behavior of Al-containing nickel-based and iron-based alloys were analyzed, and the microscopic oxidation mechanism and common laws of the these alloys under high temperature were extracted. Finally, the problems existing at the present stage and the future development direction of Al-containing heat-resistant alloys were prospected.更多还原