【摘要】 针对TC4钛合金硬度低、摩擦系数高及易黏着磨损等问题，采用激光加工制备放射状仿生织构，织构图案基于鱼鳞、蜻蜓复眼和步甲虫斑点设计为鱼鳞形、六边形及椭圆形3种形状，深度分别为200、400、600μm。在油润滑条件下，通过摩擦实验系统研究了不同参数激光流线形织构对TC4钛合金材料耐磨性的影响，利用扫描电镜对不同样品表面的磨痕形貌进行表征。实验结果表明，200μm深度时，椭圆形织构摩擦系数最低为0.275 3,降幅达22.4%。利用流体仿真软件对润滑油在三种织构表面的流动特性进行模拟，发现实验中摩擦系数的减小主要是由于润滑油在织构作用下，其流速和流向发生变化，进而导致在织构入口区域形成压力降低区，在出口区域形成压力升高区。这种油膜压力的梯度变化提高了油膜的承载力，同时升压区将润滑油挤出补充接触面，降压区从织构内抽吸润滑油补充欠润滑区域，形成了持续的二次润滑，有效降低了摩擦副的摩擦系数和磨损量，为织构抗磨减摩提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 To address the issues of low hardness, high friction coefficient and high susceptibility to adhesive wear of TC4 titanium alloy, radial bionic textures were prepared by laser processing. The texture patterns were designed in three shapes: fish-scale-shaped, hexagonal and elliptical, designed based on fish scales, dragonfly compound eyes, and carabid beetle spots, with depths of 200, 400, 600 μm. Under oil-lubricated conditions, the influence of laser streamline textures with different parameters on the wear resistance of TC4 titanium alloy was systematically studied through friction experiments. The wear scar morphology of different samples was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results showed that when the texture depth is 200 μm, the elliptical texture exhibits the lowest friction coefficient of 0.275 3, with a reduction rate of 22.4%. The study also used fluid simulation software to simulate the flow characteristics of lubricating oil on the three types of textured surfaces, finding that the decrease in friction coefficient in the experiment was mainly attributed to changes in flow velocity and direction of the lubricating oil under the action of textures. This resulted in a pressure drop zone at the texture inlet and a pressure build-up zone at the texture outlet. This pressure gradient variation enhanced the load-carrying capacity of the oil film and facilitated sustained secondary lubrication: the high-pressure zone squeezed lubricant out to replenish the contact interface, while the low-pressure zone drew lubricant from the texture to supply under-lubricated areas. This effectively reduced the friction coefficient and wear loss of friction pairs, providing a theoretical basis for the anti-wear and friction-reducing properties of textures.更多还原