【摘要】 卫星姿态的准确建模对精密卫星钟差估计和精密单点定位(PPP)均具有显著影响。本文阐明了卫星姿态与天线相位中心改正、相位缠绕的数学关联，对比分析了GLONASS-K与GLONASS-M+卫星的姿态建模差异，并基于2024年半年的数据评估了3种姿态策略对GLONASS卫星钟差精度和PPP定位性能的影响。研究表明：GLONASS-K卫星姿态异常平均持续5～6 d左右，明显短于GLONASS-M+卫星；现阶段IGS分析中心的GLONASS-K卫星的姿态四元数仍沿用旧模型或名义姿态模型，太阳高度角趋近于0°时，最大偏航角差异分别达到90°和180°;采用名义姿态或者GLONASS-M+姿态计算的GLONASS卫星钟差精度分别降低了29.6%和3.7%,相应的PPP定位精度分别降低了15.4%和3.7%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Accurate satellite attitude modeling significantly influences both precise satellite clock estimation and precise point positioning(PPP). This work elucidates the mathematical relationships between satellite attitude, antenna phase center correction and phase wind-up effects, following by a comparative analysis of attitude modeling discrepancies between GLONASS-M+ and GLONASS-K satellites. Finally, six-month observations in 2024 are utilized to evaluate the impacts of three attitude strategies on GLONASS satellite clock accuracy and PPP positioning performance. It reveals that the eclipsing GLONASS-K satellites last for 5～6 days on average, substantially shorter than GLONASS-M+ satellites. Currently, GLONASS-K satellite attitude quaternions in IGS analysis centers continue to employ the legacy model or nominal attitude model. When the sun angle above the satellite orbital plane approaches 0°, maximum yaw angle discrepancies reach 90° for the legacy model and 180° for the nominal model. In contrast to the correct attitude model, the nominal and GLONASS-M+ satellite model degrade GLONASS satellite clock accuracy by 29.6% and 3.7%, respectively, with corresponding PPP positioning precision reductions of 15.4% and 3.7%.更多还原