【摘要】 用KOH,NaOH,MCT-09,CH₃ONa和CH₃OK在同一反应条件下催化了十二醇和1, 2-环氧丁烷的丁氧基化反应。比较了上述催化剂体系的反应速率快慢，并阐述了其反应机理和原因。碱催化十二醇产生的氧阴离子进行链引发反应，活化单体调控链增长进行催化，BO跟随空间位阻小的碳氧自由基破环，以阴离子开环聚合的形式进行。对反应速率的分析表明，浓度较大的NaOH对系统的催化速度最快，但产物分布最宽。CH₃ONa和CH₃OK因为催化剂溶解在甲醇中所以催化速度较慢，而MCT-09因为自身碱性较弱导致催化速度最慢，但产物分布最窄。通过FT-IR,GS-MS,¹H-NMR和¹³C-NMR分析确定了聚氧丁烯月桂基醚（ABO₂）的结构，并对其自组装行为、理化性能和应用性能进行了研究。结果表明，由于BO的疏水支链与水之间的疏水相互作用和氢键作用，在TEM和SEM下均可观察到200 nm左右的自组装行为。对五种产物进行测试，发现产物分布较宽的性能较好，而相对分布较窄的性能较差。更多还原

【Abstract】 The butoxylation of dodecanol with 1,2-epoxybutane（BO） was catalyzed by KOH,NaOH,MCT-09,CH₃ONa and CH₃OK.The reaction rates in presence of these five alkaline catalysts were compared and the reaction mechanisms and causes were described.The alkalis reacted with dodecanol to produce alkoxide anions which carried out the chain initiation reaction,and the monomers were activated to regulate the chain growth.The ring opening of BO took place at the epoxide carbon of less steric hindrance,and thus the anionic ring-opening polymerization proceeded.Analysis of reaction rate showed that,among these alkalis,NaOH with a larger molar concentration catalyzed the system the fastest,however,exhibiting the broadest distribution of products.The catalytic rates of CH₃ONa and CH₃OK were slower because the catalysts were dissolved in methanol.MCT-09 had the slowest catalytic rate due to its weak alkalinity,but its product distribution was the narrowest.The structure of polyoxybutylene lauryl ethers synthesized with different catalysts was determined by FT-IR,GC-MS,¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR,and their self-assembly behavior,physicochemical and application properties were also investigated.The results showed that the self-assemblies around 200 nm could be observed under both TEM and SEM,in which the formation of aggregates was ascribed to the hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding between the BO chain and water.The physicochemical and application properties of those five products were tested,and it was found that the products with a broader distribution had better performance,while the products with relatively narrower distribution had worse performance.Therefore,the BO distribution was the main factor influencing the properties of products synthesized with different catalysts.更多还原