【摘要】 为探究过硫酸氢钾复合物片对宽体金线蛭和折叠萝卜螺的毒性效应及安全用药浓度，在水温26.0～28.0℃下，将体质量(1.440±0.217) g的宽体金线蛭幼蛭和体质量(0.048±0.011) g的折叠萝卜螺仔螺分别装入80目筛绢网袋，扎紧袋口，置于4.89 L的圆形透明塑料盒中，分别暴露于质量浓度为0(对照组)、8.00、12.13、18.38、27.86、42.22、64.00 mg/L和0(对照组)、10.00、15.85、25.12、39.81、63.10、80.00 mg/L过硫酸氢钾复合物片药液中，采用静态染毒法开展了急性毒性试验，采集宽体金线蛭和折叠萝卜螺体表组织进行组织学观察，探究过硫酸氢钾复合物片在最大耐受量、安全质量浓度和10%的96 h半数致死质量浓度下对宽体金线蛭和折叠萝卜螺生长的影响。试验结果显示：过硫酸氢钾复合物片质量浓度≥12.13 mg/L时，宽体金线蛭背部皮肤皱褶，甚至死亡，24～96 h半数致死质量浓度和安全质量浓度分别为22.25～30.55 mg/L和5.59 mg/L;过硫酸氢钾复合物片质量浓度≥15.85 mg/L时，折叠萝卜螺中毒，严重者死亡，24～96 h半数致死质量浓度和安全质量浓度分别为35.32～54.70 mg/L和4.96 mg/L。组织切片观察显示，过硫酸氢钾复合物片可致宽体金线蛭背部体表柱状上皮细胞坏死、角质层部分缺失、黏液分泌细胞增多、内含物减少，还使折叠萝卜螺体表黏液层消失、上皮细胞边缘微绒毛形态杂乱、黏液分泌细胞增多。过硫酸氢钾复合物片在未超过安全质量浓度时，不影响宽体金线蛭和折叠萝卜螺生长。过硫酸氢钾复合物片质量浓度≤4.96 mg/L可安全用于宽体金线蛭和折叠萝卜螺养殖水体消毒。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the toxic effects and safety concentrations of potassium peroxymonosulphate compound tablets to leech Whitmania pigra and snail Radix plicatula, the leeches weighing(1.440±0.217) g and snails weighing(0.048±0.011) g were put into 80-mesh silk mesh bags, tied tightly, and disposed in 4.89 L round transparent plastic boxes exposed to potassium persulfate complex tablets with concentrations of 0(control group), 8.00, 12.13, 18.38, 27.86, 42.22 and 64.00 mg/L and 10.00, 15.85, 25.12, 39.81, 63.10, 80.00 mg/L, respectively, in acute toxicity tests at the temperature of 26.0—28.0 ℃ using the static poisoning method. The body surface tissue of the test animals challenged with potassium persulfate complex tablets was histologically observed, and the effects of potassium peroxymonosulphate compound tablets on their growth were carried out at the maximal tolerance dose, the safe concentration and the 96 h median lethal concentration of 10%. The results showed that the wrinkles of the back skin and even death were observed in the leeches exposed to potassium peroxymonosulphate compound at dose of ≥12.13 mg/L, with 24—96 h median lethal concentration of 22.25—30.55 mg/L and safe concentration of 5.59 mg/L. The poisoning and even death were found in the snails exposed to potassium peroxymonosulphate compound at a dose of ≥15.85 mg/L, with the 24—96 h median lethal concentration of 35.32—54.70 mg/L and safe concentration of 4.96 mg/L. Observation of tissue sections showed that potassium peroxymonosulphate compound tablets led to necrosis of columnar epithelial cells, partial loss of the mucus layer, increase in mucus secreting cells, and decrease in contents on the back surface of the leeches, resulting in the disappearance of the mucus layer on the surface, disordered morphology of microvilli at the edges of epithelial cells, and an increase in mucus secreting cells in the snails. There was not effect on the growth of the test animals at potassium peroxymonosulphate compound tablets concentrations below the safe concentration. The findings indicate that the potassium peroxymonosulphate compound tablets can be safely used for disinfection of cultural water of W. pigra at concentration of ≤4.96 mg/L.更多还原