【摘要】 液体晃荡砰击载荷是液化天然气（LNG）运载装备液舱结构设计的关键载荷之一。液体晃荡砰击载荷过大时，会导致液舱结构产生局部破坏，进而导致液舱内液体泄露，甚至船体倾覆。基于前期数值结果，本文设计了梯形体和正方体两种壁面结构，开展了不同壁面结构下的液体晃荡砰击试验。针对自由液面演化过程以及液体晃荡砰击载荷分布特性，结合统计分析方法，定性和定量地分析了壁面结构对液体晃荡砰击的抑制效果。研究结果表明，壁面结构的存在改变了液体晃荡砰击过程中的流场分布，使砰击由液体直接砰击改变为裹气液体的间接砰击。裹气液体晃荡砰击过程中产生了大量气液混合物和气泡，从而有效地降低了砰击载荷，并且正方体结构抑制砰击载荷的效果优于梯形体结构。更多还原

【Abstract】 Liquid sloshing load is one of the key loads for the structural design of tank in Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG) carrying vehicle. When the sloshing load is too large, it will lead to local damage of the tank structure, which will cause liquid leakage and even the overturning of LNG vehicle. In this paper, based on the previous numerical results, two kinds of wall structures, i. e. trapezoid and square, were proposed. Liquid sloshing in tanks with different wall structures was experimentally studied. For the free-surface evolution and the distribution characteristics of impact load, with the help of statistical analysis, the effectiveness of wall structures in suppressing liquid sloshing was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the presence of wall structures has changed the flow field. And instead of direct impact by water, an indirect impact by gas-containing liguid occurs. During the sloshing and impact of air-containing liquid, a large number of air-liquid mixtures and bubbles are generated, effectively reducing the impact load. Furthermore, the square wall structure is better than the trapezoidal wall structure for suppressing impact load.更多还原