【摘要】 目的 针对行走式火车棚车装车机车架的质量冗余问题，提出一种多目标优化方法，以实现轻量化与结构力学性能的协同优化。方法 基于2种极限工况的静力学分析，通过灵敏度分析识别关键部件，并利用Kriging模型构建几何质量、一阶固有频率、最大变形量和应力的多目标响应面，结合NSGA-Ⅱ算法优化，获得Pareto最优解集。结果 对优化后车架进行仿真分析，发现几何质量降低了22.93%，最大应力下降了9.5%，一阶固有频率稳定在20 Hz，关键工况最大变形量稳定在14 mm以内。结论 该方法可保证装车机结构力学性能的前提下显著降低装车机的几何质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Considering the mass redundancy problem of the walking loader frame for the train shed, the work aims to propose a multi-objective optimization method to realize the synergistic optimization of lightweight and structural mechanical performance. Based on the static analysis of two extreme working conditions, the key components were identified through sensitivity analysis, and the multi-objective response surfaces of geometric mass, first-order intrinsic frequency, maximum deformation and stress were constructed by the Kriging model and then optimized combined with the NSGA-II algorithm to obtain the optimal solution set of Pareto. Simulation analysis of the optimized frame revealed that the geometric mass was reduced by 22.93%, the maximum stress decreased by 9.5%, the first-order intrinsic frequency stabilized at 20 Hz, and the maximum deformation stabilized within 14 mm under the critical working conditions. This method can significantly reduce the geometric mass of the loader under the premise of ensuring the structural mechanical performance of the loader.更多还原