【摘要】 基于旦架哨隧道改扩建工程既有隧道衬砌裂缝分布特征，采用室内试验手段，以水泥砂浆模拟隧道衬砌结构，借助高压脉冲破裂技术装置模拟爆破震源，开展基于压电监测技术的结构裂缝角度对爆破振动响应的影响研究。结果表明：随爆破次数的增加，结构裂缝角度越大，压电被动信号峰值响应出现时间越早，且后期衰减越快。裂缝角度对信号峰值的影响呈现显著方向性——与无裂缝条件相比，当裂缝角度分别为30°、60°和90°时，对迎爆侧信号峰值显示出明显的放大效应，信号分别增加了22.3%、40.2%和90.1%。然而，当裂缝角度为0°时，信号峰值却呈现降低趋势，最大降幅为5.8%。同时运用压电主动监测技术，监测爆破前后裂缝周围结构的损伤变化发现：无裂缝结构中压电主动信号共振峰数量及幅值均显著高于裂缝结构，且裂缝结构中信号存在向高频转移的现象；随爆破次数的增加，信号的衰减速度也随裂缝角度的减小而逐渐增大，表明裂缝方向与爆破波传播方向的角度越小，裂缝周围结构损伤发展越快且程度越严重。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study investigated the effects of blasting vibrations on tunnel lining structures through laboratory experiments based on crack distribution characteristics observed in the Danjiashao Tunnel reconstruction and expansion project.Using cement mortar to simulate tunnel lining structures and a high-pressure pulse fracturing device to replicate blasting vibration sources, the research methodology was designed to analyze vibration-induced damage mechanisms systematically.A study was conducted on the impact of structural crack angles on the blasting vibration response using piezoelectric monitoring technology.The results demonstrate that as blast repetition increases, structures with larger crack angles exhibit earlier peak response times in piezoelectric passive signals and more rapid subsequent signal attenuation, revealing a distinct correlation between crack geometry and dynamic response characteristics under repeated blast loading.The directional influence of crack angle on signal peak amplification exhibits significant anisotropy.Comparative analysis with crack-free conditions reveals that crack angles of 30°,60°,and 90° produce pronounced signal amplification effects on the blast-facing side, demonstrating progressive increases of 22.3,40.2%,and 90.1% in peak signal intensity, respectively.However, the signal peak exhibits a decreasing trend, with a maximum decline of 5.8% at a crack angle of 0.Meanwhile, the study employed piezoelectric active monitoring technology to evaluate structural damage around cracks before and after blasting, revealing that crack-free structures exhibited significantly greater numbers and amplitudes of resonance peaks in piezoelectric signals compared to cracked structures, with the latter demonstrating a distinct high-frequency shift phenomenon.As the number of blasts increases, the signal attenuation rate progressively rises with decreasing crack angle, indicating that a smaller angle between the crack orientation and the blast wave propagation direction accelerates damage development and intensifies the severity of crack-zone damage.更多还原