【摘要】 在房屋类建筑物爆破拆除工程中，钢筋混凝土立柱是主要承载构件，也是拆除爆破工程中面临最多的爆破对象。钢筋混凝土立柱的爆破破坏效果，直接影响承载构件的可靠失稳，进而影响结构的整体倒塌。近年来，钢筋混凝土立柱呈现出尺寸大、配筋多、强度高等特征，对爆破参数设计和飞石防护提出了巨大的挑战。采用粒子爆破法耦合有限元算法(PBM-FEM),通过粒子的高速运动碰撞模拟爆炸冲击荷载和爆生气体逸出炮孔的过程；通过1∶1原尺寸物理模型爆破试验，采用工业电子雷管真实还原了高层楼房承重构件爆破拆除过程，揭示了钢筋混凝土立柱的钻孔爆破破坏过程及其爆破破坏失效机理。研究结果表明：因炮孔侧堵塞材料的约束作用有限，爆生气体会从孔口逸出，降低了炸药能量的利用率。立柱表面混凝土的剥落情况严重程度依次为：左、右两侧>前侧>后侧，最小抵抗线的方向是诱导混凝土发生破坏和抛掷的主要方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 In blasting demolition projects of housing buildings, reinforced concrete columns serve as the primary load-bearing structural elements and consequently represent the most frequently targeted components for controlled demolition.The effectiveness of reinforced concrete column demolition through blasting operations plays a pivotal role in ensuring structural instability and controlling the overall collapse mechanism.The evolution of modern reinforced concrete columns, characterized by increased cross-sectional dimensions, higher reinforcement densities, and enhanced material strengths, has significantly elevated the technical complexity of the design of blasting parameters and the protection of flying rocks.The Particle Blasting Method coupled with the Finite Element Method(PBM-FEM) was employed to simulate the dynamic process of explosion impact loading and explosion gas escaping from the borehole through the high-speed motion collision of particles.Full-scale 1∶1 physical model tests were conducted using industrial electronic detonators to accurately replicate the blasting demolition process of high-rise building structural members.The research reveals critical insights into the failure mechanisms and damage propagation characteristics of reinforced concrete columns under controlled demolition conditions.The results show that the explosion gas escapes from the orifice and reduces the utilization rate of explosive energy due to the limited constraint effect of the blocking material on the side of the blast hole.The severity of concrete spalling on the surface of the column is left and right sides > front side > back side.The direction of the minimum resistance line is the main direction to induce concrete damage and throwing.更多还原