【摘要】 目的 探究海藻玉壶汤加减海藻甘草对甲状腺肿大鼠的作用及机制。方法 根据体质量将128只大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、优甲乐组、海藻玉壶汤组（HYD组）、海藻玉壶汤去海藻组（HYD-H组）、海藻玉壶汤去甘草组（HYD-G组）、海藻玉壶汤去海藻甘草组（HYD-HG组）、海藻甘草组（HG组），每组16只。空白组大鼠给予去离子水灌胃，其他各组大鼠给予丙硫氧嘧啶10 mg/kg灌胃制备甲状腺肿模型，1次/d，持续14 d。造模成功后，除空白组外，其他各组大鼠每隔1 d灌服1次丙硫氧嘧啶。对照组和模型组大鼠给予去离子水灌胃，优甲乐组给予优甲乐混悬液20μg/kg,HYD组、HYD-H组、HYD-G组、HYDHG组、HG组大鼠分别给予HYD相应煎液灌胃（生药浓度分别为1.206、0.990、1.026、0.810、0.396 g/mL）,1次/d，连续给药14 d。ELISA检测血清T3、FT3、T4、FT4、TSH水平；对比甲状腺质量、脏脑比；透射电子显微镜观察甲状腺超微结构变化；TUNEL检测甲状腺细胞凋亡。结果 与模型组比较，海藻玉壶汤及各拆方组甲状腺组织肿胀情况均有所缓解；各组间脏脑比无明显差异。电镜下观察各中药组均出现凋亡特征；TUNEL显示，与模型组比较，HYD组凋亡率高（P<0.05）。结论 海藻玉壶汤加减海藻甘草对丙硫氧嘧啶所致甲状腺肿大鼠有显著治疗作用，且海藻玉壶汤的治疗作用优于其加减海藻甘草；其作用机制可能是通过诱导细胞凋亡发挥治疗作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Haizao Yuhu Decoction(HYD) with or without Sargassum and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(GR) on goiter in rats. Methods A total of 128 rats were randomly divided into eight groups(16 rats per group) according to body weight, including blank group, model group, Euthyrox group, HYD group, HYD without Sargassum group(HYD-H), HYD without GR group(HYD-G), HYD without Sargassum and GR group(HYD-HG), and Sargassum-GR group(HG). The blank group received deionized water by gavage. The other groups were given propylthiouracil(PTU, 10 mg/kg) by gavage once daily for 14 days to induce goiter. After successful modeling, except for the blank group, all other groups continued to receive PTU every other day. The control and model groups were given deionized water, the Euthyrox group received Euthyrox suspension(20 μg/kg), and the HYD, HYD-H, HYD-G, HYD-HG, and HG groups received corresponding decoctions of HYD(concentrations: 1. 206, 0. 990, 1. 026, 0. 810, and 0. 396 g/mL, respectively) by gavage once daily for 14 days. Serum levels of T3, FT3, T4, FT4, and TSH were measured by ELISA. Thyroid weight and organ-to-brain ratio were compared. Thyroid ultrastructure was observed using transmission electron microscopy, and thyroid cell apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL assay. Results Compared with the model group, thyroid swelling was alleviated in the HYD group and all decomposed formula groups. No significant differences were observed in organ-to-brain ratios among groups. Electron microscopy showed apoptotic features in all herbal treatment groups. TUNEL assay demonstrated that the apoptosis rate in the HYD group was significantly higher than in the model group(P<0. 05). Conclusion HYD with or without Sargassum and GR significantly alleviates PTU-induced goiter in rats, and the therapeutic effect of the full HYD formula is superior to its decomposed versions. The mechanism may involve the induction of thyroid cell apoptosis.更多还原