【摘要】 林火是森林生态系统中重要的干扰因素。严重的森林火灾会破坏林分结构，影响生态系统的稳定性，但适度火干扰可以促进植被更新，改变群落的演替动态，并提高物种多样性。本文综述了林火干扰对林分结构和植被更新的影响研究进展，特别是林火干扰对树木存活、林分结构及植被更新的影响。研究表明，林火引起的树木死亡是影响林分结构和树种组成的关键因素；林火干扰后植被群落的变化主要取决于火烧强度，轻度火干扰对乔木层影响较小，而重度火干扰则可能导致生态系统逆向演替。目前，国内外研究主要关注不同林型、火强度、火烈度、季节以及不同过火类型等因素对林分结构和植被更新的影响，尚缺乏林火干扰对树木生长和植被更新机制的长期连续研究。未来研究应重点关注以下几个方面：基于固定样地连续监测，研究不同林火干扰条件下林分结构和植被更新演替的长期动态；完善采样数据集，结合生物物理及生理过程建模，构建更完整的预测体系，以准确预测火后不同树种组成的林分树木生长状况；深入探讨林火与其他扰动因子的交互作用机制，分析其对林分结构的协同影响。研究结果将有助于深入理解林火干扰对林分结构和植被更新的影响，推动该领域的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Forest fire is an important disturbance factor in forest ecosystems. Severe forest fires can disrupt stand structure and impact the stability of ecosystem. Nevertheless, moderate fire disturbances can facilitate vegetation renewal, modify succession dynamics of the community, and enhance species diversity. This article reviews the research advancements in the influence of fire disturbances on stand structure and vegetation renewal, particularly the effects of fire disturbances on tree survival, stand structure, and vegetation renewal. Research indicates that tree mortality induced by forest fires is a key element influencing stand structure and tree species composition. The alterations in vegetation communities following fire disturbances mainly hinge on the fire intensity. Light fire disturbances have limited influence on tree canopy layer, while intense fire disturbances might potentially lead to reverse succession of ecosystem. At present,both domestic and international studies primarily concentrate on the effects of factors such as different forest types, fire intensities, fire severities, seasons, and various types of burned areas on stand structure and vegetation renewal after fire disturbances. There is a deficiency of long-term continuous research on the growth and vegetation renewal mechanisms of trees under fire disturbances. In the future, relevant research should focus on the following aspects: based on the continuous monitoring of permanent sample plots,studying the long-term dynamic changes of stand structure and vegetation renewal and succession under different fire disturbance conditions. We specify and augment a more comprehensive sampling dataset,integrate biophysical and physiological process modeling, and construct a more comprehensive prediction system to precisely predict the post-fire growth of trees in forests composed of different tree species,thoroughly explore the relationship between forest fires and other disturbance factors, and analyze the interactive relationship between forest fires and forest stand structure. The research results will facilitate a better understanding and exploration of the mechanisms of fire disturbance on stand structure and vegetation renewal, thereby advancing the field.更多还原