【摘要】 为剖析苦水河流域土壤侵蚀与土壤保持的时空变化特征，引入InVEST模型，对流域内潜在与实际的土壤侵蚀量进行测算，并以此为基础，进一步借助该模型针对苦水河流域土壤保持功能开展了系统的分析与评估。结果表明：在土壤侵蚀方面，苦水河流域2010年与2022年的实际土壤侵蚀总量分别达到9.24×10~5t和11.74×10~5t,2022年较2010年增加了2.50×10~5t；在土壤保持方面，2010年、2022年研究区域的土壤保持总量依次为1.78×10~7、2.46×10~7t，土壤保持总量及等级有较大提升；研究区内低强度（微度、轻度和中度）土壤侵蚀基本朝向更高侵蚀级别转化，而极强烈和剧烈侵蚀区域则出现逆转态势，向低级别土壤侵蚀转化。土壤保持量等级方面，整个区域呈现出稳定的上升态势，土壤保持效能得以持续强化。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to analyze the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of soil erosion and conservation in the Kushui River Basin, the InVEST model was introduced to calculate the potential and actual soil erosion volumes within the basin. Based on these calculations, a systematic analysis and evaluation of the soil conservation function in the Kushui River Basin were further conducted using the model. The results showed that in terms of soil erosion, the total actual soil erosion volumes in the Kushui River Basin reached 9.24×10~5tons in 2010 and 11.74×10~5tons in 2022,showing an increase of 2.50×10~5tons from 2010 to 2022. In terms of soil conservation, the total soil conservation volumes in the study area was 1.78×10~7tons in 2010 and 2.46×10~7tons in 2022, with a significant improvement in both the total amount and the grade of soil conservation. Low-intensity(slight, light, and moderate) soil erosion in the study area generally shifted towards higher erosion grades, while areas of extremely intense and severe erosion showed a reversal trend, transforming into lower erosion grades. Regarding soil conservation volume grades, the entire region exhibited a stable upward trend, with a continuous enhancement in soil conservation efficiency.更多还原