【摘要】 为探究黑麂(Muntiacus crinifrons)、小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)和毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)在皖南山区的分布现状和相对多度变化,利用红外相机对皖南山区12个省级以上自然保护地进行调查。基于183个有效相机位点,11 080个相机工作日的监测结果显示:绝大部分自然保护地(8/12)均有黑麂分布,小麂的活动覆盖所有监测区域,黑麂和小麂在垂直分布上并未发生分离;黑麂和小麂的相对多度之比为1:7,与历史数据(1:10)相比,皖南山区黑麂种群呈增长趋势。然而,本研究在所有区域内均未监测到毛冠鹿,表明目前该物种在皖南山区的种群密度极低,这可能是同域分布且生态位相近物种之间的种间竞争结果。黄山风景区南部区域黑麂拍摄率(0.24%)显著低于北部区域(1.69%)(P=0.005),这可能与风景区南部和北部不同强度的旅游活动有关。基于随机相遇模型估算皖南山区不同区域黑麂种群密度变化范围为0～(0.50±0.34)只/km~2。研究结果为基于红外相机对皖南山区黑麂及同域鹿科动物种群动态监测奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate current distribution patterns and relative abundance changes of Black Muntjac(Muntiacus crinifrons),Reeves’s Muntjac(Muntiacus reevesi)and Tufted Deer(Elaphodus cephalophus)in the southern mountainous region of Anhui Province,we conducted an infrared camera survey across 12 provincial-level or higher nature reserves in the area. Based on 183 effective camera sites and 11,080 camera trap days of monitoring,the results showed that Black Muntjac were distributed in the majority(8 out of 12)of these reserves,while Reeves’s Muntjac were detected across all surveyed areas. No vertical distribution segregation was observed between the two muntjac species. The relative abundance ratio of Black Muntjac to Reeves’s Muntjac was 1:7,suggesting a population increase in Black Muntjac compared to historical data(1: 10). However,no Tufted Deer were recorded in any of the surveyed regions,indicating an extremely low population density,possibly due to interspecific competition with ecologically similar sympatric species. Additionally,the detection rate of Black Muntjac in the southern part of the Huangshan Scenic Area(0.24%)was significantly lower than in the northern part(1.69%)(p=0.005),potentially attributable to differing levels of tourism activity between the two areas. Using the random encounter model,the estimated population density of Black Muntjac in different parts of southern Anhui mountains ranged from 0 to 0.50±0.34 individuals/km~2. This study establishes a foundation for long-term monitoring of Black Muntjac and sympatric deer species in southern Anhui mountains using infrared camera technology,providing critical insights for conservation strategies.更多还原