【摘要】 为探索真菌—植物联合修复石油污染土壤的有效技术方案，选取山羊草（Aegilops Linn.）作为供试植株，与一株高效分解原油的丝状真菌（Fusarium sp.shz-2.27）联合接种不同质量油污浓度（0、0.9%和1.5%）的土壤样品，通过测定植物生长量变化，检测土壤样品中石油烃的降解情况、土壤酶活力以及土壤理化性质，探究油污浓度、丝状真菌以及植物根系对油污土壤修复效果的影响。结果表明，植物根系生长量方面，随着土壤油污浓度的升高，植物的平均根长逐渐变短，说明油污浓度越高，对植物根系的生长抑制作用越强；石油降解率方面，植物与真菌联合接种的土壤中石油烃的降解率在65.37%～78.67%，说明植物与真菌的联合接种有效促进了土壤中石油污染物的去除；土壤酶活力方面，微生物—植物试验组土壤中多酚氧化酶、脂肪酶、脲酶和脱氢酶4种酶表现出良好的活力水平；土壤理化性质方面，经微生物—植物试验组修复的土壤理化性质亦表现良好，其中总氮含量0.047～0.103g/kg，总糖含量0.299～1.412mg/g,pH趋于中性，电导率高于植物组。以上结果表明，相较于单一修复技术，微生物—植物联合修复技术的石油烃降解效果明显提升，该技术在去除石油污染物的同时，能够改良土壤性状、促进植被恢复以及改善生态环境。鉴于高浓度油污可能对植物和微生物的生长和代谢存在抑制作用，因此，本研究提出的修复方法更适宜在中度污染的油污土壤环境中实施，为油污染土壤的生态修复提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 To explore more effective technical solutions for the phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soil using fungi-plant associations, Aegilops Linn. was selected as the test plant and co-inoculated with a highly efficient crude oil-degrading filamentous fungus, Fusarium sp. shz-2.27, into soil with different oil contamination levels 0, 0.9%, and 1.5%(w/w). By measuring changes in plant growth, detecting the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil sample, soil enzyme activities, and soil physicochemical properties, the effects of oil contamination levels, filamentous fungi, and plant roots on the remediation of oil-contaminated soil were investigated. The results showed that in terms of plant root growth, as the oil contamination level in the soil increased, the average root length of the plants gradually shortened, indicating that higher oil contamination levels had a stronger inhibitory effect on plant root growth. In terms of petroleum degradation rate, the degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil co-inoculated with plants and fungi ranged from 65.37% to 78.67%, demonstrating that the co-inoculation of plants and fungi effectively promoted the removal of petroleum pollutants from the soil. In terms of soil enzyme activities, the activities of polyphenol oxidase,lipase, urease, and dehydrogenase in the soil of the microbe-plant treatment group showed good activity levels. In terms of soil physicochemical properties, the soil remediated by the microbe-plant treatment group also showed good physicochemical properties, with total nitrogen content ranged from 0.047 to 0.103 g/kg, total sugar content ranged from 0.299 to 1.412 mg/g, pH shifted towards neutral, and the electrical conductivity was higher than that of the plant group.These results indicate that compared to single remediation techniques, the microbe-plant combined remediation technique significantly improved petroleum degradation efficiency. This technique not only removes oil pollutants but also ameliorates soil properties, promotes vegetation recovery, and improves the ecological environment. Given that high concentrations of oil contamination may have inhibitory effects on the growth and metabolism of plants and microorganisms, the method proposed in this study is more suitable for implementation in moderately contaminated oilsoil environments, providing a reference for the ecological restoration of oil-contaminated soil.更多还原