【摘要】 为了探明苹果与梨换茬栽植是否可行，本试验以溴甲烷熏蒸的老龄苹果园土壤与老龄梨园土壤为对照，研究老龄苹果园土壤与老龄梨园土壤分别对换茬杜梨幼苗和平邑甜茶幼苗生长、理化特性及其土壤性状的影响。结果表明，与老龄苹果园土壤溴甲烷熏蒸处理相比，老龄苹果园土壤直接栽植杜梨幼苗，其株高、地径、鲜重、干重及根系形态指标均显著降低，根系活力及抗氧化酶活性受到抑制，丙二醛含量升高，土壤微生物群落结构改变，真菌数量升高，细菌数量降低，有害菌属丰度升高；老龄梨园土壤直接栽植平邑甜茶幼苗，上述各指标的表现与老龄苹果园土壤直接栽植杜梨幼苗趋势相同。综合看出，苹果与梨不适宜直接换茬栽植，需对土壤进行进一步处理。本研究结果可为苹果与梨换茬栽植及果树轮作提供理论参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the feasibility of rotation apple and pear trees, this study analyzed the effects of aging orchard soil of apple and pear on seedlings growth and physicochemical properties of Pyrus betulifolia Bunge. and Malus hupehensis Rehd and soil properties, using soil fumigation with methyl bromide in aging apple and pear orchards respectively. The results showed that compared to methyl bromide fumigation in the aging apple orchard soil, direct planting of P. betulifolia Bunge. seedlings in the aging apple orchard soil led to significant reductions in seedling height, stem diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, and root morphological indicators. Additionally, root vitality and antioxidant enzyme activity were inhibited, malondialdehyde(MDA) content increased, and soil microbial community structure was changed with a rise in fungal abundance and a decline in bacterial abundance, along with an increase in the abundance of harmful bacterial genera. A similar pattern was observed in the above indicators when M. hupehensis Rehd. seedlings were planted directly in the aging pear orchard soil. Overall, it was not suitable to rotate of apple and pear directly in aging orchard soil, and further soil treatment was required. This study could provide theoretical insights into apple and pear cropping rotation and fruit tree rotation practices.更多还原