【摘要】 清朝初年中国从东南亚规模性进口米谷，不仅缓解了民食不足，而且对闽粤米价影响甚微。鸦片战争后洋米进口数量增加，20世纪20年代尤其是1930年代前期输入巨量增长，报刊杂志充斥着洋米压低国米价格的言论。通过对上海和广州洋米与国米价格变动关系分析，发现洋米只是影响国米价格的可能因素之一，两者之间往往没有直接的因果关系。一般而言，1920年代之前洋米不能影响国米价格波动，其后尤其是1930年代前期一定程度上压低了国米价格，但是报刊杂志铺天盖地的相关言论，更多的是源自国人目睹农村破产的焦虑心情所发感言，实际情形并没有时论描述的那么严重，范围也没有那么广泛。同时也不应以1930年代前期的情形，代替整个近代洋米与国米价格的关系。洋米大量进口的广东、距离上海较近的产米地区，国米价格受洋米冲击可能性大，而远离洋米销售的产米区域，国米价格下跌主要是其他原因所致。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the early Qing dynasty, China began to import rice in large quantities from southeast Asia, which on one hand alleviated domestic food shortages, but on the other hand, had little impact on rice prices in Fujian and Guangdong.After the Opium War, the quantity of foreign rice imports increased, particularly in the 1920s and early 1930s.This period saw a significant surge in rice imports, and public discourse in newspapers and magazines was dominated by claims that imported rice was driving down the price of domestic rice.However, an analysis of rice price fluctuations in Shanghai and Guangzhou reveals that imported rice was merely one of several factors potentially influencing domestic rice prices, and even more, there was often no direct causal relationship between them.Generally speaking, prior to the 1920s, imported rice had little to no effect on domestic rice prices.However, in the early 1930s, foreign rice imports did exert some downward pressure on domestic rice prices.Nevertheless, the widespread claims in the media were largely a reflection of the public’s anxiety over rural economic distress, rather than an accurate depiction of the actual situation, which was not as severe nor was its impact as widespread as reported.Moreover, the conditions of the early 1930s should not be used to generalize the relationship between imported and domestic rice prices throughout the entire modern era.In regions like Guangdong with large quantities of rice imports, and in rice-planting areas surrounding Shanghai, the likelihood of domestic rice prices being impacted by rice imports was higher.In contrast, in rice-planting areas farther from imported rice markets, the decline in domestic rice prices was primarily due to other factors.更多还原