【摘要】 为改善亚麻纤维与聚乳酸基体之间的界面结合，分别采用碳酸氢钠和硬脂酸对亚麻织物进行表面处理(在碳酸氢钠处理的基础上进行硬脂酸处理)，并通过热压工艺制备了表面处理前后的亚麻/聚乳酸复合材料。通过X射线衍射、水接触角和断面形貌表征手段，探究了表面处理前后亚麻织物性能及其复合材料的界面结合情况，并分析碳酸氢钠和硬脂酸处理对复合材料力学性能和热稳定性的影响。结果表明，经过碳酸氢钠处理的亚麻织物与聚乳酸之间的界面结合得到了改善，与未处理的复合材料相比，经过碳酸氢钠处理的复合材料拉伸强度提高了11.2%，弯曲强度提高了4.7%，但复合材料的热稳定性相较于纯聚乳酸有所下降，而热分解后的600℃质量残余率增加到6.31%。经过硬脂酸处理的亚麻织物表现出良好的疏水性，水接触角达到112.7°，通过观察复合材料断面形貌，发现纤维与基体的界面无明显间隙，界面结合得到了显著改善。与未处理的复合材料相比，经过硬脂酸处理的复合材料拉伸强度提高了18.2%，弯曲强度提高了17.6%；与经过碳酸氢钠处理的复合材料相比，经过硬脂酸处理的复合材料的初始分解温度有所下降，但质量损失50%时的温度和最大分解速率下的温度均有所提升，600℃时质量残余率有所降低。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to improve the interface bonding between flax fiber and polylactic acid matrix,the surface of flax fabric was treated with sodium bicarbonate and stearic acid(Stearic acid treatment was based on sodium bicarbonate treatment) respectively,and flax/polylactic acid composites before and after surface treatment were prepared by hot pressing process. By means of X-ray diffraction,water contact angle and fracture morphology,the properties of the flax fabric and the interfacial bonding of the composites before and after surface treatment were explored,and the surface treatment effects of sodium bicarbonate and stearic acid on the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the composites were analyzed. The results show that the interface bonding between the flax fabric treated with sodium bicarbonate and polylactic acid is improved. Compared with the untreated composite,the tensile strength of the composites treated with sodium bicarbonate increases by 11.2% and the flexural strength increases by 4.7%.However,the thermal stability of the composite decreases compared with that of pure polylactic acid,and the mass residual rate at 600 ℃ after thermal decomposition increases to 6.31%. The flax fabric treated with stearic acid shows good hydrophobicity,whose water contact angle reaches 112.7°,and the cross-sectional morphology of the composite treated with stearic acid shows that the interface bonding between the fibers and the matrix is significantly improved,with no obvious gap. Compared with the untreated composite,the tensile strength of the composites treated with stearic acid increases by 18.2%,and the flexural strength increases by 17.6%. Compared with the composites treated with sodium bicarbonate,the initial decomposition temperature of the composites treated with stearic acid decreases,but the temperature at 50% mass loss and temperature at maximum decomposition rate increase,and the mass residual rate at 600 ℃ is reduced.更多还原