【摘要】 背景：酸枣仁（ZSS）含有广泛丰富的的活性成分，由于现有的方法不能完全评价这些成分，因此需要建立一种新的定量方法来进行成分表征。目的：近年来，作为一种药食同源植物，酸枣仁受到越来越多的关注。《中国药典》（2020年版）中没有规定酸枣仁的含量测定，不同产区的环境条件会影响酸枣仁的质量。该研究旨在鉴定中国不同地理来源的酸枣仁。方法：采用优化的高效液相色谱光电二极管阵列法建立高效液相色谱指纹图谱，随后对不同来源的酸枣仁进行相似性分析和定量分析。采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-高场轨道阱质谱系统技术对酸枣仁的代谢物进行鉴定和评价。基于各峰面积进行主成分分析、层次化学聚类分析和正交偏最小二乘法判别分析。结果：该研究通过网络药理学的方法，对中草药抗失眠的成分进行筛选，通过蛋白-蛋白互作网络分析、基因本体分析、京都基因与基因组百科全书路径分析，共鉴定出14个核心组分、10个核心靶点和25条通路。采用高效液相色谱法建立了34批酸枣仁指纹图谱，鉴定了12个特征峰，定性鉴定了6个。采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-高场轨道阱质谱系统技术，建立了不同产地酸枣仁化学成分差异的鉴别方法。通过主成分分析、正交偏最小二乘法判别分析等多元分析，发现河北、山东、陕西三省的酸枣仁代谢产物存在差异，鉴定出17种不同来源的差异代谢物。结论：该研究证实，酸枣仁通过多组分、多靶点、多途径协同改善失眠。除酸枣仁皂苷b外，其余5种成分的含量均较高。此外，不同产地酸枣仁提取物中6种化合物的含量存在差异，说明不同的生长环境可能会影响酸枣仁的质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Background: Ziziphi Spinosae Semen(ZSS) contains a wide range of active components. Because existing methods cannot fully evaluate these components, a new quantitative method needs to be established for component characterization.Objective: Ziziphi Spinosae Semen has gained increasing attention in recent years, primarily as a medicinal and edible plant. The content determination of ZSS is not specified in the Chinese Pharmacopeia(2020 edition). Environmental conditions in different production areas can influence the quality of ZSS. This study aims to identify ZSS collected from various geographical origins in China.Materials and methods: High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) fingerprints were established using optimized HPLCphoto-diode array methods. Subsequently, similarity analysis and quantification of ZSS from different sources were conducted. Metabolites of ZSS were identified and evaluated using the UHPLC-Q Exactive HF Orbitrap MS system. Principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were performed based on all peak areas.Results: In this study, the components of ZSS against insomnia were screened through network pharmacology. As revealed by the results of protein-protein interaction network analysis, Gene Ontology analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, 14 core components, 10 core targets, and 25 pathways were identified. Thirty-four batches of ZSS fingerprints were established through the HPLC method, which identified 12 characteristic peaks, with 6 being qualitatively identified. An identification method for assessing differences in the chemical composition of ZSS from different origins was developed by using UHPLC-Q Exactive HF Orbitrap MS. Differential markers from various origins were screened and identified. Through multiple analyses such as principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, it was concluded that there were differences in ZSS metabolites from Hebei, Shandong, and Shaanxi provinces. Seventeen differential metabolites of different origins were identified.Conclusions: This study confirmed that ZSS played a synergistic role in improving insomnia through multiple components, targets, and pathways. The content of all 5 components was high, except for jujuboside B. In addition, 6 compounds in ZSS extracts from different origins differed in content, indicating that different growth environments might impact the quality of ZSS.更多还原