【摘要】 随着麻醉学与围手术医学的发展，麻醉不仅关注患者术中无痛及安全，更加关注术后舒适顺利恢复和患者长期转归，尤其是各种术后并发症的防治。因此，单纯依赖麻醉学知识和技能是不够的，提升和拓展专业知识水平和技能是根本。肺部超声作为一种无创、简单、便携、无辐射的技术已越来越多的应用于全麻患者围手术期，不仅用于术前困难气道的诊断和确定气管导管位置，以及术中指导肺复张，个体化呼气末正压设置，还可以尽早发现和管理机械通气下的呼吸系统并发症，并指导成功撤机。肺部超声可以提高手术患者围手术期的安全，促进患者康复，不仅作为诊断工具，而且作为监测工具。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of anesthesiology and perioperative medicine,anesthesia is not only concerned with painless and safe intraoperative patients,but also with comfortable and smooth postoperative recovery and long-term regression of patient,especially the prevention and treatment of various postoperative complications.Therefore,it is not enough to rely solely on anesthesiology knowledge and skills;it is fundamental to improve and expand the level of professional knowledge and skills.Pulmonary ultrasound as a non-invasive,simple,portable and radiation-free technique has been increasingly used in the perioperative period for general anesthesia patients,not only for preoperative diagnosis of difficult airway and determination of tracheal tube position,but also for intraoperative guidance of pulmonary retension and individualized positive end-expiratory pressure setting,as well as for early detection and management of respiratory complications under mechanical ventilation,and for guiding successful withdrawal.Pulmonary ultrasound can improve the perioperative safety of surgical patients and facilitate their recovery,not only as a diagnostic tool but also as a monitoring tool.更多还原