【摘要】 国家资历框架（National Qualifications Framework，简称NQF）作为一种能将国家范围内的各级各类学习成果按照知识、技能和能力的要求进行统编而构建的连续性的资历体系，对于融通衔接各级各类教育、建设学习型社会、促进个体终身教育与学习、推动国家人力资源管理体系和能力现代化具有十分重要的现实意义。本文在分析代表性国家资历框架发展现状的基础上，将国际上现有的国家资历框架划分为衔接型资历框架、区域一体型资历框架和分轨型资历框架三种类型。通过总结其成功的共性经验、分析其实践过程中出现的问题，阐述了为什么建设国家资历框架、怎样更好地建设国家资历框架等问题，旨在为探索一条适合我国的国家资历框架的发展之路提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The report from the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes“ Promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation by comprehensively advancing modernization in the Chinese style”. Advancing Chinese-style modernization requires achieving the modernization of people and the modernization of our country’s human resources. The National Qualifications Framework( NQF),a holistic qualification system that maps learning outcomes at varying levels and types according to knowledge,skills,and abilities across the nation,holds profound practical implications. It is instrumental in consolidating diverse educational strata,fostering a learning society,endorsing lifelong education and learning at the individual level,and facilitating the modernization of our nation’s human resources management system and capabilities. This paper offers an analysis of the current developmental trajectory of representative national qualification frameworks,subsequently categorizing these existing frameworks at the international level into three main types:linkage qualification frameworks,regional integration qualification frameworks,and track-separated qualification frameworks. By encapsulating successful shared experiences and scrutinizing challenges that have emerged during their practical application,the paper elaborates on why and how to better construct a national qualifications framework, aiming to provide reference for exploring a developmental path of NQFs suitable for China.更多还原