【摘要】 苹果树腐烂病由黑腐皮壳菌Valsa mali引起，是苹果生产中威胁最大的病害之一。为了筛选苹果树腐烂病的生防菌，本研究对田间分离的473株细菌进行了室内拮抗评价和田间防控效果评价，并对防控效果较好的菌株进行了鉴定。结果表明，通过室内拮抗菌的筛选，获得了10株对苹果树腐烂病菌V.mali具有拮抗作用的生防细菌；对10株菌进行田间防治效果评价，结果表明菌株A18589对苹果树腐烂病具有显著的防治效果，且该菌株对苹果其他病害也具有显著的室内抑菌效果。经形态学、生理生化特性以及多位点序列分析，菌株A18589被鉴定为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Bacillus velezensis。综上所述，本研究筛选获得的生防菌A18589对苹果树腐烂病具有相对较好的防治效果，具有替代化学药剂的潜在应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Apple Valsa canker, caused by Valsa mali, is one of the most serious diseases in apple production. In order to screen biocontrol bacteria against apple Valsa canker, 473 strains of bacteria isolated from the field were evaluated for indoor antagonism and field prevention and control effects, and the strains with better prevention and control effects were identified. The results showed that through the screening of antagonistic bacteria in the laboratory, 10 strains of biocontrol bacteria with antagonistic effect on V.mali were obtained. The field control effect of 10 strains was evaluated. The results showed that the strain A18589 had significant control effect on apple tree rot disease, which also had significant indoor inhibitory effect on other apple diseases. The strain A18589 was identified as Bacillus velezensis by morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and multilocus sequence analysis(MLSA). In summary, the biocontrol bacterium A18589 has a relatively good control effect on apple tree canker, and has potential application value as an alternative to chemical agents.更多还原