【摘要】 为了探究15味中药对奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌的抑制效果，本试验对河南省豫东地区奶牛场采集的160份乳房炎奶样进行病原菌分离鉴定，筛选出主要致病菌，随后用煎煮法提取15味中药的有效成分，并进行浓缩，使用牛津杯法、琼脂稀释法和试管二倍稀释法进行体外抑菌试验，确定15味中药的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果显示，共分离出347株病原菌，其中金黄色葡萄球菌和乳房链球菌检出率较高；15味中药水提物中黄连和紫花地丁对金黄色葡萄球菌抑制作用较强，MIC分别为31.25和62.5 mg/mL,MBC分别为62.5和125 mg/mL;黄连和蒲公英根对乳房链球菌抑制作用较强，MIC均为31.25 mg/mL,MBC分别为31.25和62.5 mg/mL,黄连、蒲公英根、穿心莲和马齿苋对大肠杆菌抑制作用较强，MIC均为62.5 mg/mL,MBC均为125 mg/mL。15味中药水提物中黄连、紫花地丁、蒲公英根、穿心莲和马齿苋对奶牛乳房炎致病菌大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和乳房链球菌的体外抑菌作用较好，提示其可作为潜在的中药抑菌剂。本试验为进一步开发治疗奶牛乳房炎的中药单方或复方制剂提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the inhibitory effects of 15 flavors of traditional Chinese medicines( TCMs) on the primary pathogens causing dairy cow mastitis,this study collected 160 milk samples from mastitic cows in dairy farms in the eastern region of Henan Province for pathogen isolation and identification. The main pathogens were then selected for further analysis. The active components of the 15 TCMs were extracted using decoction methods and concentrated. The in vitro antibacterial tests were conducted using the Oxford cup method,agar dilution method,and test tube double dilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration( MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration( MBC) of the TCMs. Results showed that a total of 347 pathogenic strains were isolated,with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus uberis having the highest detection rates. Among the water extracts of the 15TCMs,Coptis chinensis and Viola yedoensis demonstrated strong inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus,with MICs of 31. 25 and62. 5 mg/m L,and MBCs of 62. 5 and 125 mg/m L,respectively. Coptis chinensis and dandelion root showed strong inhibition against Streptococcus uberis,both with an MIC of 31. 25 mg/m L,and MBCs of 31. 25 and 62. 5 mg/m L,respectively. The strongest inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli were observed with Coptis chinensis,dandelion root,Andrographis paniculata,and Portulaca oleracea,all with MICs of 62. 5 mg/m L and MBCs of 125 mg/m L. The water extracts of Coptis chinensis,Viola yedoensis,dandelion root,Andrographis paniculata,and Portulaca oleracea demonstrated good in vitro antibacterial activity against the pathogens causing dairy cow mastitis,including Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Streptococcus uberis. This suggests their potential as antibacterial agents in TCM,providing a reference for the further development of single or compound TCM formulations for the treatment of dairy cow mastitis.更多还原