【摘要】 流行性乙型脑炎(JE)是由乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)感染引起的人兽共患病，威胁人类健康和畜牧业健康发展。天然免疫作为机体防御的第一道防线，在抵抗病原感染过程中发挥重要作用。病原微生物感染机体后，宿主模式识别受体(PRRs)通过识别病原相关分子模式(PAMPs)诱导天然免疫发挥抗病毒功能，其中干扰素和炎性因子至关重要。为了逃逸宿主的免疫清除，JEV进化出多种策略抑制天然免疫，促进自身复制。本文通过论述JEV基因组结构和致病机理，总结机体天然免疫分子识别JEV PAMPs激活天然免疫应答的方式，并进一步阐释JEV调控天然免疫应答的策略，有利于深入理解该病毒的致病机理，为JE的防控提供思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Japanese encephalitis(JE) is a zoonotic disease caused by infection with the Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV), posing a threat to both human health and the livestock industry. Innate immunity, as the first line of defense, plays a critical role in resisting pathogen infection. Upon pathogen invasion, host pattern recognition receptors(PRRs) detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs) to induce an antiviral innate immune response, with interferons and inflammatory cytokines being essential components. To evade host immune clearance, JEV has evolved various strategies to inhibit innate immunity and promote its own replication. This paper discusses the genome structure and pathogenic mechanisms of JEV, summarizes how innate immune molecules recognize JEV PAMPs to activate immune responses, and further elucidates the strategies JEV employs to modulate innate immunity. Understanding these mechanisms will deepen insights into the pathogenicity of JEV and provide ideas for JE prevention and control.更多还原