【摘要】 伊氏锥虫病是由锥虫属的伊氏锥虫(Trypanosoma evansi,T.evansi)感染哺乳动物引起的一种血液原虫病，也称“苏拉”,广泛分布于全球。我国农业农村部将伊氏锥虫病归为多种动物共患的三类动物疫病，其可造成马属动物、骆驼、水牛等的贫血、消瘦、甚至死亡，对畜牧业造成了巨大的经济损失。此外，T.evansi可能还具有人畜共患的潜力，因此对其进行准确诊断至关重要。但由于锥虫亚属间亲缘关系密切，并且存在抗原变异和免疫逃逸，导致T.evansi的鉴别诊断十分困难。本文对伊氏锥虫病的病原学、免疫机制、鉴别诊断和防控现状等方面进行综述，旨在为其鉴别诊断和防治提供科学的参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Surra is a bloodborne protozoan disease caused by Trypanosoma evansi(T.evansi) that infects most mammals and is widely distributed worldwide.The Ministry of Agriculture of China classifies Surra as a category Ⅲ animal disease, it can lead to anemia, wasting, and even death in equine animals, camels, buffaloes, etc.,causing huge economic losses to the stock raising industry.In addition, T.evansi may also have zoonotic potential, making its accurate diagnosis crucial.However, the close affinity between the subgenus of trypanosomes, as well as the presence of antigenic variation and immune escape, make the accurate diagnosis of T.evansi difficult.In this paper, we review the pathogens, immune mechanism, diagnosis, prevention and control of Surra, aiming to provide scientific references for the accurate diagnosis and prevention of this disease.更多还原