【摘要】 十足目甲壳动物性别决定与分化途径有多种方式,其中多数表现出雌雄二态性模式。本文综述了十足目甲壳动物性别决定和分化分子调控机制的研究进展,总结了在其中发挥重要作用的眼柄、促雄腺等组织,以及IAG和dmrt等关键基因的功能,探讨通过激素诱导和RNA干扰技术等获得十足目甲壳动物单性群体的性别控制方案,以期为十足目甲壳动物性别控制深入研究和单性苗种养殖提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The molecular mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation encompass multiple levels,including sex chromosomes, pivotal factors regulating sex determination and differentiation, epigenetic modifications, and gene regulatory networks. In addition, decapod crustaceans exhibit diverse sex-determination systems and differentiation pathways, the majority of which exhibit sexual dimorphism in growth patterns or economic traits. Increasing demand for decapod crustaceans has led to advancements in aquatic seedling production, aquaculture management, and technology. Therefore, the demand for monosexual decapod crustacean populations has increased. In the study of sex control in decapod crustaceans, various methods have been used to establish highly monosex populations, focusing on triploid induction, treatment with exogenous sex hormones or chemical substances, ablation and transplantation of androgenic glands, and RNA interference(RNAi) of genes.Moreover, in the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii, there have been successful studies of sex control and its application in the production of all-male populations using sex molecular markers and RNAi technology for targeting genes such as IAG, dmrt11E, and masc. These studies on sex control, based on the molecular mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in decapod crustaceans, are expected to bring about novel breakthroughs in the production of monosex seedlings and aquaculture. Herein, we reviewed the research progress on the molecular regulation mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in decapod crustaceans, discussed important endocrine organs, including the eye stalk and androgenic gland, and key sex-related genes containing IAG, dmrt gene families, fem-1, CFSH, foxl2 and masc. Furthermore, we discussed monosexual control strategies such as RNAi technology and sex hormone induction in decapod crustaceans, as well as the development and identification of sex-specific molecular markers, aiming at laying the theoretical foundations for the large-scale production of monosex aquatic seedlings and aquaculture in decapod crustaceans.更多还原