【摘要】 为解决基坑坍塌风险评价等级问题，优化模糊综合评价模型以提高基坑风险等级评估的准确性，从而采取有效治理措施控制基坑风险。首先，采用层次模型建立基坑坍塌风险评价指标体系，定性指标采用量化等级进行定量转化，然后引入模糊集理论建立评价指标模糊关系，针对传统层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process, AHP)不能处理模糊性及不完整性信息的缺点，采用D数理论改进层次法(D-AHP)确定一级指标主观权重，提高了在赋权过程中专家对指标的偏好性；为提高评价体系中风险指标权重的精确性，综合熵权法(entropy weight method, EWM)和指标相关性权重确定法(criteria importance through intercriteria correlation, CRITIC)的赋权优点，利用改进博弈论对熵权法和CRITIC法求出的二级指标权重进行组合赋权，得到二级指标客观权重，线性耦合主客观权重得到最终权重，从而建立基坑坍塌风险评价模型，根据最大隶属度原则确定基坑风险等级；同时，建立基于施工监测数据结合改进博弈论组合赋权的逼近理想解排序法(technique for order preference by similarity to an idea solution, TOPSIS)评价模型进行对比验证。结合昆明5号线某地铁基坑为例进行风险评价，结果表明：模型评价结果与实际工程情况相吻合，验证了改进博弈论组合赋权结合模糊集评价模型的正确性和可靠性，同时验证了组合赋权的合理性，为基坑风险评估提供新的参考方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to solve the problem of risk assessment level of foundation pit collapse, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is optimized to improve the accuracy, so as to take effective control measures to control the risk of foundation pit. Firstly, the hierarchical model is used to establish the evaluation index system of foundation pit collapse risk, and the qualitative index is quantitatively transformed by quantitative grade. Then, the fuzzy set theory is introduced to establish the fuzzy relationship of evaluation index. Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional analytic hierarchy process(AHP) that can not deal with ambiguity and incomplete information, the D-AHP is used to determine the subjective weight of the first-level index, which improves the preference of experts to the index in the weighting process. In order to improve the accuracy of the weight of risk indicators in the evaluation system, the advantages of entropy weight method(EWM) and criteria importance through intercriteria correlation(CRITIC) are integrated. The improved game theory is used to combine the weights of the second-level indicators obtained by the entropy weight method and the CRITIC method to obtain the objective weights of the second-level indicators, and the final weights are obtained by linearly coupling the subjective and objective weights. Thus, the risk assessment model of foundation pit collapse is established, and the risk level is determined according to the principle of the maximum membership degree. At the same time, a technique for order preference by similarity to an idea solution(TOPSIS) evaluation model based on construction monitoring data combined with improved game theory combination weighting is established for comparative verification. Taking a subway foundation pit of Kunming Line 5 as an example, the risk assessment is carried out. The results show that the evaluation results of the model are consistent with the actual engineering situation, which verifies the correctness and reliability of the improved game theory combination weighting combined with fuzzy set evaluation model, and verifies the rationality of the combination weighting. It provides a new reference method for foundation pit risk assessment.更多还原