【摘要】 目的 分析比较美国和中国李斯特菌病(Listeriosis)的流行特点，为我国李斯特菌病的防控提供参考依据。方法 对美国2009-2021年李斯特菌病监测资料进行描述性统计分析，并根据美国疫情监测数据进行食品归因估计。国内数据来源：搜集中国知网、万方医学、维普等数据库报道的李斯特菌病病例，并对散发病例的流行病学特征进行描述性统计，同时对食品溯源成功的案例进行回顾性分析。结果 美国2009—2021年共报告1 037例李斯特菌病病例，住院902人，死亡165人。因单增李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes,L.monocytogenes)污染食品引起的发病高峰在7月份，其发病人数、住院人数和死亡人数分别占总数的18.4%(191/1 037)、20.5%(185/902)和22.4%(37/165)。大多数李斯特菌病的暴发被归因于3类食物：乳制品、行作蔬菜和水果，归因百分比的范围在73.8%～89.6%。中国李斯特菌病的总体发病数量不高，2009-2021年共报告619例，有详细发病年份记载的仅177例，其中2018年最多为26例。有详细发病月份报道的病例有220例，其中4月份发病人数最多为30例。中国的李斯特菌病病例资料不完善，且多散在发生，仅7例病例成功追溯到原因食品。结论 美国对Lm的监测资料比较完善，食源性暴发病例较多，乳制品、行作蔬菜和水果是最容易引起疾病暴发的原因食品，中国仅有散发病例报道。中国应逐步完善多部门协作机制，实现数据共享并加深对数据的挖掘，加快推进食源性致病微生物的检测技术的进步，防止Lm污染食品引起疾病的暴发，保障食品安全和人民健康。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study analyzed and compared the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne listeriosis in the United States and China, to provide evidence for optimizing the listeriosis surveillance program in China. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed on the listeriosis monitoring data from 2009 to 2021 registered in the FDOSS system and the attribution estimates of Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes) from 2013 to 2021 published by IFSAC. Sporadic and outbreak data on listeriosis in China from the CNKI, Wanfang Medical, and CQVIP databases were collected. From 2009 to 2021, a total of 1 037 listeriosis cases were reported in the United States, including 902 hospitalizations and 165 deaths. The peak of cases caused by Lm contaminated food was in July. The number of cases, hospitalizations, and deaths accounted for 18.4%(191/1 037), 20.5%(185/902), and 22.4%(37/165) of the total, respectively. Most listeriosis outbreaks were attributed to three food groups: dairy products, vegetable crops, and fruits, with attribution percentages ranging from 73.8% to 89.6%. The overall incidence of listeriosis in China was not high: 619 cases were reported from 2009 to 2021, and only 177 cases were recorded in detailed incidence years; the maximum number of cases in 2018 was 26. A total of 220 cases were reported with detailed onset months; the highest number of cases in April was 30. Data on listeriosis cases in China are incomplete and sporadic, and only seven cases have been successfully traced to food. Listeriosis surveillance systems in the United States are relatively complete, and there are more foodborne outbreaks. Dairy products, vegetable row crops, and fruits are the most likely causes of disease outbreaks. Although only sporadic cases have been reported in China, China should take actions such as gradually improving multi-department cooperation mechanisms, achieving data sharing and deepening data mining, and accelerating progress in the detection technology of food-borne pathogenic microorganisms, to ensure food safety and public health.更多还原