【摘要】 肾脏是机体调节水盐平衡和容量平衡的重要器官，也是大多数药物的排泄器官，探究肾脏生理以及药物在肾脏的暴露水平对于新药研发意义重大。基于肾脏生理，多种数学模型被应用于肾脏药物浓度的预测，包括房室模型、生理药代动力学(PBPK)模型和定量系统药理学(QSP)模型的数学模型，它们有助于预测肾脏药物浓度和分布。本文介绍该三类预测肾脏药物水平的数学模型构建过程和具体应用，以期为药物肾毒性预测、以肾脏为靶点的药物机制探索和肾脏毒性药物的临床合理应用提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Kidneys are vital organs for water and salt balance as well as volume equilibrium in the body,a crucial excretion path for most drugs.Exploring renal physiology and exposure levels of drugs in the kidney is important in new drug development.Various mathematical models,including compartment models,physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models,and quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) models,have been used based on renal physiology to predict drug concentration and distribution in the kidney.This paper introduced the construction process and specific applications of three types of mathematical models in predicting drug levels in the kidney,providing insights for predicting renal drug concentration and distribution.It also provided reference for drug-induced renal toxicity prediction,exploration of drug mechanisms targeting the kidney,and rational use of nephrotoxic drugs.更多还原