【摘要】 缓释肥作底肥的基础上，研究不同追肥时期对水稻生长特性和产量的影响，以期为南四湖流域水稻生产提供科学的施肥措施和决策依据。以水稻品种‘济儒稻1号’为试验材料，设置5个不同时期氮肥追肥处理开展不同追肥时期试验。以上处理氮肥全生育期用量均为264 kg/hm²，氮肥追肥量均为69 kg/hm²，磷肥和钾肥均一次基施。测定不同生育期的茎蘖动态、叶片SPAD值、叶面积和干物质、产量及产量结构数据。结果表明：随着追肥时期后移，水稻产量呈现先增加后减少的趋势，具体表现为T₄>T₅>T₃>T₁>T₂。茎蘖量在抽穗前，特别是在孕穗期T₁、T₂、T₃高于T₄、T₅，抽穗后T₁、T₂、T₃群体下降迅速，而T₄、T₅下降平稳；最终茎蘖成穗量T₄最高，T₅次之。叶面积指数在抽穗期时T₁、T₂、T₃比T₄、T₅要高，但在成熟期叶面积指数顺序是T₅>T₄>T₃>T₂>T₁。干物质积累量在拔节期和抽穗期处理间差异不明显，到孕穗期T₁、T₃较高，T₂、T₅次之，T₄最低，成熟期T₄、T₅处理明显高于T₁、T₂处理，和T₃处理差距不大。SPAD值在拔节期和灌浆期处理间差距较小，在成熟期差距较大，表现为T₄、T₅处理的SPAD值在成熟期下降慢。在缓释肥作底肥并侧深施用的前提下，追施穗肥效果好于追施蘖肥；追蘖肥时间晚一点效果好，追穗肥时间早一点效果好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using the slow-release fertilizer as base fertilizer,the influence of different topdressing periods on rice growth characteristics and yield was studied to provide scientific fertilization measures and decisionmaking basis for rice production in Nansi Lake basin.The rice variety‘Jirudao 1’was used as the test material and five different topdressing periods were set up to carry out the tests.The amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the whole growth stage was 264 kg/hm²,the topdressing of nitrogen fertilizer was 69 kg/hm²,and the phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer were applied at one time.The stem tiller dynamics,leaf SPAD value,leaf area and dry matter,yield and yield structure data were determined at different growth stages.The results showed that with the topdressing period,rice yield tended to increase first and then decrease and the yield order was T₄>T₅>T₃>T₁>T₂.Before heading,especially during the booting stage,the tillers of T₁,T₂and T₃were higher than that of T₄and T₅.After heading tillers decreased rapidly in T₁,T₂and T₃,but kept steadily in T₄and T₅Finally T₄had the highest number of tillers,followed by T₅.At heading stage,T₁,T₂,and T₃had higher leaf area index than that of T₄and T₅,but at mature stage the order of leaf area index was T₅>T₄>T₃>T₂>T₁.At the booting stage T₁and T₃were higher,followed by T₂and T₅,and T₄was the lowest.At the mature period T₄and T₅were significantly higher than that of T₁and T₂,and not much different from T₃.Between treatments,the SPAD values varied less in the jointing and filling and more in maturity.At maturity stage,the value of SPAD in T₄and T₅decreased slowly.Under the premise of slow-release fertilizer as base fertilizer with side deep application,the effect of applying ear fertilizer was better than that of applying tiller fertilizer.The effect was better to pursue tiller fertilizer later,but better to pursue ear fertilizer earlier.更多还原