【摘要】 为有效保护、开发利用新疆野生葱属资源长喙韭，对其年生活史及主要营养和功能成分进行分析。迁地条件下观察长喙韭萌动到休眠的年生活史各时期的时间、温度和日照时长特点；与韭菜进行对比，分析全株主要营养成分和功能成分。研究表明，长喙韭年生活史从3月上旬开始、5—6月进入生殖生长，至11月上旬结束，期间具有二次生长和分蘖特征。长喙韭粗纤维含量和维生素C含量分别高于韭菜36.12%和47.00%；大蒜辣素含量高于韭菜48.13%;DPPH·清除能力、O₂^-·清除率、·OH清除率和Fe³⁺总还原能力均高于韭菜并且随着醇提液供试浓度的增加而升高。相关性及主成分分析表明，维生素C、粗纤维和总酚含量是长喙韭主要的营养和功能成分，抗氧化能力主要体现在对O₂^-·清除率和Fe³⁺总还原能力上，总酚含量与O₂^-·清除率和DPPH·清除能力呈极显著正相关（r=1）。长喙韭耐低温不耐高温，长日照条件下开花。长喙韭全株皆可食用，营养成分、功能成分与抗氧化能力有关。长喙韭是食药兼用的功能性蔬菜，具有极高的开发利用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 To effectively protect and develop the Xinjiang wild Allium resource, Allium saxatile, its annual life history and main nutritional and functional components were analyzed. Under ex-situ conditions, the characteristics of the time, temperature, and sunlight duration during each period of A. saxatile annual life cycle from germination to dormancy were observed and compared with those of A. tuberosum. The main nutritional and functional components of the whole plant were analyzed. The study revealed that the annual life cycle of A. saxatile began in early March, entered reproductive growth in May-June, and ended in early November with features of secondary growth and tillering during this period. The crude fiber and vitamin C contents of A. saxatile were 36.12% and 47.00% higher than those of A. tuberosum respectively. Its allicin content was 48.13% higher than that of A. tuberosum. The DPPH· scavenging ability, O₂^-· scavenging rate,·OH scavenging rate, and total Fe³⁺reducing power of A. saxatile were all higher than those of A. tuberosum and increased with the increase of the test concentration of the ethanol extract. Correlation and principal component analysis indicated that vitamin C, crude fiber, and total phenol content were the main nutritional and functional components of A. saxatile. Its antioxidant capacity was mainly reflected in the O₂^-· scavenging rate and total Fe³⁺ reducing power. There was a highly significant positive correlation between total phenol content and both the O₂^-· scavenging rate and DPPH· scavenging ability（r=1）. A. saxatile is tolerant to low temperatures but not high temperatures, blooms under long-day conditions. The whole plant of A. saxatile is edible, and its nutritional and functional components related to its antioxidant capacity. As a functional vegetable with both edible and medicinal value, A. saxatile has extremely high development and utilization potential.更多还原