【摘要】 采用数值仿真方法研究明线运行400 km/h高速列车转向架底板包覆结构的气动阻力影响规律，揭示不同包覆形式及安装高度、缝隙间距这两类关键构型参数的阻力影响特性及流动结构的作用特征。研究结果表明：全封一体式及分体式底板包覆方案对整体均有明显的减阻效果，最优减阻率达9.76%，以头车转向架区域为主要减阻部件，但中间车阻力有所增加，且头车包覆越完整，中间车阻力增加越明显；在不同安装高度下，底板减阻效果呈非单调变化，头车底板适当下移有利于提高整车减阻效果，其原因主要是降低了中间车的转向架阻力；当底板缝隙间距维持在一定范围内时，整车减阻效果变化不大，继续增大缝隙会导致减阻效果变差，因为过大的缝隙将显著增强气流对转向架及舱体的冲击，导致整车减阻效果降低。更多还原

【Abstract】 Numerical simulations was made to study the influence of the bogie covering structure on the aerodynamic resistance of the high-speed train running at 400 km/h in the open air. The drag and flow structures of high speed train with different covering forms were analyzed, and the installation heights and gap spacing of covering structure were selected for comparison. The results show that both the fully enclosed and separated type covering structures have great drag reduction effects on the whole train, and the best drag reduction rate is up to 9.76%. The bogie area of the head car contributes most to the drag reduction, while the resistance of the middle car increases. And the more covering area of the front car, the larger resistance increase of the middle car. Meanwhile,the drag reduction variation of the covering structure with installation heights is non-monotonic. Proper downward movement is beneficial to the overall drag reduction, mainly because it reduces the bogie resistance of the intermediate car. Besides, when the gap spacing is maintained within a certain range, the drag reduction of the whole train does not change much. However, when the gap continues to increase, the drag reduction effect will become worse, because the excessive gap will significantly enhance the impact of air flow on the bogie and cabin,resulting in the decrease of aerodynamic drag of the train.更多还原