【摘要】 探讨竞技太极拳代谢及呼吸特点，对研究和实施科学有效的竞技武术运动训练提供依据。采用CORTEX气体代谢分析仪，测试并分析竞技太极拳运动员在不同难度设定位置下的竞技太极拳呼吸及能量代谢变化及特征，得出结论如下：(1)与普通太极拳相比，竞技太极拳在增加了难度动作之后，引起心率、Mets等显著性提高；竞技太极拳在练习过程中，当难度动作完成瞬间会引起心率、每分钟通气量、相对摄氧量、Mets及氧脉搏的迅速提升；在竞技太极练习过程中，呼吸频率不受是否设定难度动作的影响；对比分析发现，难度动作设定先后顺序对竞技太极拳相对摄氧量、Mets存在一定影响，均表现为动作难度设定在前显著高于动作难度设定在后，动作难度设定在中间与两者均无显著性差异。难度动作在设置先后顺序方面对运动时平均心率虽无显著影响，但对于运动过程的能耗存在显著影响。(2)难度动作的增加是竞技太极拳能量消耗提升的主要因素，围绕难度动作开展有针对性的大强度、大负荷的训练方法尤为重要。(3)难度动作的设定对呼吸深度的要求大大提高，在练习过程中受试者胸式呼吸向腹式呼吸转变过程的表示明显。在竞技太极拳的运动训练过程当中，有针对性地开展腹式呼吸的训练对于难度动作完成质量的提高有促进作用。(4)运动员要转变“确保在体力充沛的情况下，优先完成套路中的难度动作，以提高难度动作完成的成功率”的观念，避免牺牲套路的整体美感来获取难度动作完成的成功率。(5)对自身体能高要求化，强化和提升对高耗能的难度动作的掌控能力，深化腹式呼吸能力的训练，可以拓宽编排空间，优化编排效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Analyze the characteristics of breathing and energy metabolism of athletic Taiji, thus it can provide a refer-ence for improveng training and movement arrangement in athletic Taiji. With CORTEX,measure and analyze thechanges and characteristics of breathing and energy metabolism of athletic Taiji athletes under complex arrangement of difficult movement, Results:(1)Compared with traditional Taiji, arrangement of complex movement in athletic Taiji caused significant increases in heart rate, Mets etc. When the complex movement was completed, heart rate, minute, ventilation, relative oxygen uptake, Mets and oxygen pulse rised rapidly. Respiratory rate showed no significantchange, whether complex movement was arranged or not, The value of Relative oxygen uptake and Mets showedhigher in the arrangement that complex movemnent was initiated in the front section than that in the arrangement that difficult movement was initiated in the latter section. The value of relative oxygen uptake and Mets showed no significant difference between the arrangement in which complex movement was initiated in the middle section and the ar-rangement in which complex movement was initiated in the front section and latter section. While heart rate showedno significant change, energy consumption showed significant change under the arrangement that complex movement was initiated in the front section, central section or latter section.(2)The increase in complex movement is the main factor in the improvement of energy consumption of athletic Taiji. It is essential to carry out targeted high-intensity and high-load training methods around complicated movement.(3)The setting of complex movement significantly improves the requirements for breathing depth. The transformation of the subject’s chest to abdominal breathing during practice is evident. In the sports training process of athletic Taiji, targeted abdominal breathing training promotes the improvement of the quality of difficult movement.(4)Athletes should change the conce of "ensuring that priority is given to the completion of difficult movement in the routine under the condition of abundant physical strength to improve the success rate of completion of difficult movement" and avoid sacrificing the overall beauty of the routine to obtain the success rate of completion of difficult movement.(5)High requirements for self-body energy, strengthen and improve the ability to control complex movement with high energy consumption, and deepen the training of abdominal breathing ability, which can broaden the choreography space and optimize the choreography effect.更多还原